| The environment is the cornerstone on which human society depends for survival and development.The report of the "19th National Congress" put forward the overall goal of accelerating the reform of the ecological system and building a beautiful China.Environmental construction is also one of the core issues for China to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way(basically completed by 2020),especially the environmental issue of agriculture.In recent years,while the agricultural economy has achieved rapid development,the overall quality level of the agricultural environment has continued to decline.The report of the "18th National Congress" put forward the following:"Adhere to the basic national policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment......We will work hard to promote green,circular and low-carbon development,and form a spatial pattern,industrial structure,mode of production,and lifestyle that saves resources and protects the environment.Reversing the deterioration of the ecological environment from the source...".The "19th National Congress" report proposed that by 2050 China will be a strong,prosperous,democratic,civilized,harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power.In addition to its original goals,it has added a layer of "beautiful" meaning.The change in the formulation of this goal reflects the overall layout of the Party Central Committee on the construction of economic,political,cultural,social and ecological civilization,which is the "five-in-one",and strengthens the new development concept of "green development".It must be said that at this stage,in order to achieve the above objectives,it needs to be strengthened in many aspects,especially the agricultural environment.At present,agricultural production methods are mostly dominated by extensive types.While agricultural resources are being used in large quantities,agricultural pollution has not been effectively controlled.Among them,agricultural non-point source pollution has gradually become a major source of agricultural pollution.In the long run,development has run counter to the goal of building a "beautiful China" and is also contrary to the building of a"new countryside" of socialism.To solve the agricultural environmental problems,the government needs to take the necessary measures to manage.Broadly speaking,the policies and measures formulated and implemented by the government for the purpose of maintaining environmental and ecological balance and pursuing sustainable development can be called environmental regulations.Therefore,the policies and measures of the government in dealing with agricultural environmental issues can be collectively referred to as agricultural environmental regulations.According to different environmental regulation tools,it can be divided into agricultural policy-based environmental regulation and agricultural investment-type environmental regulation.Among them,the government implements agricultural investment-type environmental regulation,the purpose is to improve the construction of agricultural environmental infrastructure through fiscal budget funds,and then achieve agricultural environmental governance.Due to the use of financial budget funds,the investment efficiency of this part of the funds is evaluated through scientific methods,and analysis of how to improve the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation will help to improve the level of income generated by unit funds in agricultural environmental regulation.In the end,this part of the government's budgetary funds will be more effectively applied to the problem of pollution of agricultural environment.This doctoral dissertation takes the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation as the research object,and draws on the relevant basic theories of regulatory economics,new institutional economics,geography economics,and investment economics to construct the evaluation system and analysis framework of investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation in China.Empirical analysis of the time and space distribution of investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation in China,and analysis of the influencing factors and driving mechanisms behind it,and on the basis of empirical evidence,design policy suggestions to improve the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation in China.It can provide theoretical and empirical reference for advancing the reform of agricultural environmental regulation system,improving the efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation,improving the quality of agricultural environment and realizing the sustainable development of agriculture.The main research methods in this doctoral dissertation:(1)Document research methods,comparative analysis methods.By analyzing and comparing the existing research literature,we find out the logic analysis laws of the existing research,and provide the literature support and theoretical basis for this research.(2)Qualitative analysis methods.This paper makes a qualitative analysis of the factors that affect the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation and analyzes the driving mechanism of the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation.(3)Quantitative analysis method.Through a variety of quantitative analysis methods,the core content was studied comprehensively,including:using Super-SBM model to evaluate the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulations in different regions;The convergence method is used to test the efficiency level of agricultural environmental regulation investment to explore its time distribution characteristics;Spatial autocorrelation test is used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of investment efficiency level of agricultural environmental regulation.The factors influencing the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation are studied by using spatial measurement model.The work and main research conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,through the Super-SBM method,the average efficiency of investment in China's agricultural environmental regulations from 2005 to 2015 was calculated to be 0.67,and basically there was an upward trend of fluctuations,with an efficiency peak of 0.75.The investment efficiency level of overall agricultural environmental regulation fluctuates during the sample investigation and over time.From a regional perspective,the efficiency of investment in agricultural environmental regulations in the Northeast increased from 0.96 in 2005 to 1.99 in 2015.Overall,despire fluctuations the efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation investment in 11 years is significantly higher than in the Eastern,Central and western regions.This means that the agricultural environmental regulation in the three regions of East,Middle,West of China is relatively extensive compared to the Northeast region.In the same period,the efficiency of investment in agricultural environmental regulations in the Eastern region was stable and fluctuating in the early stages.Before 2010,the efficiency of investment in agricultural environmental regulations in the Eastern region remained between 0.5 and 0.7,and the efficiency in 2011-2015 fluctuated greatly.And after 2012,it began to experience a relatively significant decline,which rose to 0.63 in 2015 after falling to a minimum of 0.45 in 2014.Compared with the Northeastern region,the Western region has shown the opposite trend.The overall fluctuation has decreased.The efficiency of investment in agricultural environmental regulations has dropped from 0.68 in 2005 to 0.54 in 2015.The efficiency values in the central region have been running low and have not fluctuated much.Secondly,the time distribution of investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation in China during the sample period shows that there is no absolute convergence(convergence and absolute convergence)of investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation,and there is no random convergence.It shows that the investment efficiency gap between regional agricultural environmental regulation will exist objectively for a long time and will increase to its own steady state level.The spatial distribution characteristics show that the efficiency of investment in Chinese agricultural environmental regulations is becoming more and more obvious,and the distribution characteristics of this spatial agglomeration have become more prominent after 2010,indicating that the efficiency of investment in agricultural environmental regulations in a region is not random.distribution,It depends more and more on the investment efficiency level of agricultural environmental regulation with similar spatial characteristics.The spatial distribution of investment efficiency in agricultural environmental regulation in all Chinese provinces shows similar spatial agglomeration between high-high-and low-low values,with a distinct spatial structure.Most provinces fall in the first Quadrant(high-high agglomeration type)and the third Quadrant(low-low agglomeration type),in which the spatial attributes of the provinces of the Northeast and some Eastern regions are high-high agglomeration.More provinces in the central region are low-low agglomeration areas,while the western regions are more likely to be high-low agglomeration,low-high agglomeration,or LISA is not significant.Finally,through the Durbin model of the space panel,the factors that affect the efficiency of investment in China's agricultural environmental regulations are analyzed,including:(1)The spatial correlation coefficient of the geographical factors is positive and the 1%significance test is passed.It is proved that geography is one of the important factors affecting the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation in China.(2)Regional economic development level,agricultural industry structure(the output value of livestock and poultry breeding accounts for the proportion of total agricultural output value),environmental protection intensity,and urban-rural income gap have different degrees of investment efficiency for agricultural environment regulations.Significant impact And...Among them,the impact of regional economic development,agricultural industry structure,urban and rural income gap and other indicators is negative,and the impact of the remaining indicators is positive.(3)The spatial lag items of regional economic development,agricultural industrial structure,agglomeration of agricultural industries,and environmental protection have a significant impact on the efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation investment.The impact of regional economic development,and agricultural industry structure was negative,and the rest was positive.According to the conclusion of the full text,this paper puts forward five policy suggestions for improving the efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation investment and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture:(1)Combine the policy regulation of the agricultural environment,improve laws and regulations,and standardize the agricultural product quality standardization system;(2)Upgrade the agricultural supply development model,adjust the agricultural breeding structure,and vigorously develop circular agriculture;(3)Optimize agricultural financial subsidies Policies,gradually improve the price subsidy method,moderately combine agricultural subsidy policies with environmental indicators,increase the intensity of the "green box"financial subsidy policy;(4)coordinate regional agricultural environmental regulation;(5)rationally apply government agricultural environmental regulation investment,and improve the financial input and manpower input of agricultural environmental regulation.Possible innovations in this article:(1)There are few quantitative studies on the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulations in the literature.This paper evaluates the cost and benefit of agricultural environmental regulations from the perspective of input and output by constructing an index evaluation system,and measures the investment efficiency level of agricultural environmental regulations accordingly.(2)This doctoral dissertation constructs a theoretical framework for the spatial and temporal evolution of investment efficiency in agricultural environmental regulation,and makes an empirical test of the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of investment efficiency in agricultural environmental regulation through convergence model and spatial measurement model.It is found that the investment efficiency of agricultural environmental regulation has conditional convergence in time,and there are imitation effect and agglomeration effect in space,which provide empirical basis for policy suggestions. |
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