Study On Health Damage Assessment Of Short-term Heavy Air Pollution

Rapid economic growth in China has led to severe air pollution,which has become a focus of public concern in recent years.Due to lack of the assement methods,the damages caused by short-term heavy air pollution and the comprehensive benefits of relevant control measures are difficult to be evaluated.As a result,the relative damage compensation,risk warning,policy development is facing great challenge and unable to meet the reality needs.This study focused on short-term heavy air pollution,and established the healt h damage assessment framework that including mai n steps of pollution characterization,metrics selection,exposure analysis and damage quantitative.Moreover,this study conducted a META-analysis to quantify the short-term effects of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 10 and 2.5μm(PM₁₀ and PM_2.5),ozone（O₃）,sulfur dioxide（SO₂）and nitrogen dioxide（NO₂）on 7 health outcomes.In specific,each 10μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 concentration is associated with a 0.53%（95%CI:0.40%-0.65%）increase in total mortality.This study developed a high-resolution Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional air pollutants emission inventory for the year 2013,using a bottom-up approach based on facilit y-level activity data obtained from multiple data sources.Based on the emission inventory,this study assessed the damage related to heavy air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional during Jan 10-14,2013 using the short-term heavy air pollution damage assessment model and PM_2.5.5 related exposure-response parameters.The results showed that the excess mortality risk attribute to air pollution in the period is about 1,219 people（95%CI:920-1495）,and the economic loss is about 1.5 billion yuan（95%CI:1.1-1.9）.This study further investigated the effect of short-term heavy air pollution control measures implementation.Under the scenario of first level heavy air pollution emergency response launched,172 excess deaths（95%CI:129-212）could be avoided and the economic benefit would be 213 million yuan（95%CI:161-261）.In addition,if the the same control measures were implemented combine with the off-peak production in iron,cement and other major air pollution industries,207 excess deaths（95%CI:156-254）could be avoided,the economic benefit would be about255 million yuan（95%CI:181-294）.In addition,this study accurately simulated the population distribution after an accident that caused heavy air pollution using the mobile phone signaling data.Based on the simulation results and the air pollutant monitoring data,this study evaluated the health risk of people within 5 km range of the accident.