The Energy-saving Optimization For Rural House In Northeast Severe Cold Regions

China has large rural areas and lots of rural population.Recent years,along with the development of rural economy and the requirement of improving living conditions,farmers have made higher demands on the quality of living environment.Thus lead to the substantial increase of energy consumption of rural houses,the energy saving of rural buildings has become an important part of China’s building energy conservation system.The northeast severe cold regions w ith bad weather conditions and the heating period last for half a year,in addition,the low temperature climate frequently occurred in recent years,result the problem of high energy consumption more prominent.Meanwhile,we should not be overlooked is the poor foundation of rural economy,the farmers’ poor awareness of energy efficiency,and the personal way of self-financing are still being used.These factors have brought resistance to the promotion of energy-saving technologies of rural houses.How to make full use of the characteristics of buildings themselves in the premise of satisfying the indoor comfort,promote the passive energy saving design of rural houses in an economical and feasible way is a problem worth exploring.This paper based on the survey and test,around the main influencing factors of rural house’s heating energy consumption of northeast severe cold regions,from the perspective of architecture to carry out the research on rural house energy-saving optimization.Through the systematic investigation on 42 villages of 4 provinces in northeast severe cold region,the questionnaire results are analyzed from the five aspects of family characteristics,building form features,envelope features,heating system features and energy-saving concept;the winter indoor thermal environment are analyzed of rural houses with different building form,construction time etc,thus find out the existing problems of rural houses and energy-saving design.Combined the theoretical model of energy consumption and survey results,three types key elements of energy-saving optimization of rural houses are extracted,namely the indoor and outdoor calculation parameters,building form elements,building envelopes elements,and then carry out the research on rural house energy-saving optimizationFirstly,taking climate adaptability and indoor comfort as goals,based on the historical meteorological data of Harbin,the outdoor meteorological data with different probabilities of low temperature were generated by Gum bel distribution function.It expands the outdoor calculation parameters for energy saving design.Based on the indoor thermal comfort survey data,apply the statistical methods to analyze the interviewee’s subjective heat reflection and thermal comfort voting for indoor environment,the indoor thermal comfort zone of rural houses is presented.It provides reasonable indoor calculation parameters for energy-saving design.Secondly,taking interaction as guiding and the method of controlling single factor variables is adapted to study.Selecting the building form parameters as main variables,envelope thermal performance,indoor calculation parameters and outdoor calculation parameters as auxiliary variables,to analysis the quantitative relationships between buildings form parameters and energy consumption under interaction by using Design Builder simulation software.Meanwhile the sensitivity of building form parameters to energy consumption is studied by orthogonal test.Furthermore,target with cost control,the life cycle cost theory is introduced to establish the life cycle cost function of envelope(external wall,roof,ground and whole envelope).Selecting envelope parameters as main variables,life cycle span,indoor calculation parameters and outdoor calculation parameters as auxiliary variables,applying the Gen Opt-Energy Plus optimization platform to conclude the envelope’s optimal parameters of the minimum life cycle cost under interaction of energy consumption and cost,and the the relationship betwe en variables was dicussed,as well the sensitivity of envelope parameters to energy consumption is studied based on orthogonal test.Finally,it puts forward the energy-saving comprehensvie optimization of rural houses in the northeast severe cold regions,including four steps,respectively are building and environmental information integration,optimization variables prejudgment and screening,the estabilish of target function and implement of building energy-saving optimization.Taking the engineering practice case as example,the process analysis is carried out for comprehensive optimization method,and then applying the Gen Opt-Energy Plus optimization platform to conclude the design elements’ optimum parameter combination with the minimum life cycle cost.It can presents the reference for energy-saving optimization design of rural houses.This paper’s innovative achievements as follows: putfoward the energy-saving calculation parameters of rural houses in northeast severe cold regions based on climate change;reveal the quantitative relationship between building form parameters and energy consumption of rural houses under the interaction,and determine the sensitivity of each parameter;propose the envelope’s optimal parameters of the minimum life cycle cost under interaction of energy consumption and cost,and the relationship between variables,as well determine the sensitivity of each parameter;putfoward the comprehensive optimization method for energy-saving of rural houses in northeast severe cold regi ons,realizing the collaborative optimization of building design elements.The results of this study can provide guidance for designers to carry out energy-saving design of rural houses in northeast severe cold regions.It has practical significance for construct the comfortable,economy and energy-saving rural houses,improve the ability of rural houses to tackle climate change,promote the rural sustainable development of northeast severe cold regions.