The Passive Energy-saving Optimal Design Of Residential Buildings In Northeast Severe Cold Regions

In the northeast severe cold regions,the winter is long and cold,the temperature difference between morning and evening is large,and the annual heating time is generally long.The total amount of newly built houses is considerable every year.The energy consumption of houses in this region is huge every year.Under the background of the increasingly prominent energy problem,it is of great significance to further improve the energy saving performance of houses.Therefore,it’s an important way to reduce the energy consumption of the building and make the building adapt to the climatic environment.In this paper,by means of field investigation,drawing reference and field test,the author combs the current situation of residential energy conservation in the severe cold area of Northeast China from the aspects of building space shape and envelope,which provides a practical basis for further research.Secondly,using computer numerical simulation,the paper analyzes the relationship between building space shape design and energy saving,and obtains the relationship between building layout,plan shape,length of building,width of building,storey height and building energy consumption in the northeast severe cold area.Then,by numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis,the influence of envelope on building energy saving is discussed.The influence degree of different parameters of envelope on energy consumption of house in northeast severe cold regions is as follows: ventilation rate> solar heat gain coefficient of exterior window≈heat transfer coefficient of exterior window>heat transfer coefficient of exterior wall>heat transfer coefficient of roof>solar radiation absorbility coefficient of exterior wall>solar radiation absorbility coefficient of roof.On this basis,analyze the energy-saving sensitivity of exterior windows in different directions further.It is found that: for south facing windows,the sensitivity of heating energy consumption to solar heat gain coefficient is higher,and the improvement of solar heat gain coefficient should be paid attention to in energy saving selection;for east facing,west facing and north facing windows,the heating energy consumption is more sensitive to the heat transfer coefficient of windows.Differential consideration should be given to the selection of energy-saving windows with different orientations.Finally,on the basis of the above analysis,the passive energysaving technologies are optimized and analyzed,and the energy-saving optimization effect of the passive energy-saving technologies in the specific case building is analyzed.After the plan optimization,storey height optimization,external wall insulation optimization,roof insulation optimization and window selection optimization,the contribution rate of energy-saving is 4.63%,5.59%,7.68%,4.1%,9.42.After adopting the comprehensive passive energy-saving optimization scheme,27.38% of the energy-saving effect can be obtained.