A Study Of The Palace And The Garden Of E-Pang Palace Constructed In Qin Dynasty

The unitary multinational state in the Chinese history was overall formed in Qin-Han dynasties.The E-Pang palace was a new imperial palace built after the unification and the first imperial palace reflected the ideology of the feudal system in Chinese history.It was not only a symbol of national political culture and the spiritual and cultural carrier,but also the material carrier reflected the "national dominant culture".The E-Pang palace ocupiese a significant position in the history of Chinese aceint palace.The most study was focus on the magnificent scale and the structure of the palace building.The new archaeological work provides historical evidence for further research for the study.The E-Pang palace site was included in the Xi’an urban green space system in 2008.It was establieshed that the heritage Park was one of the forms for the protection and interpretation of the E-Pang palace site.The study analyzed the construction background of Epang palace,and researched the E-pang Palace ’ s style according to the archaeological data and the historical records and the new archaeological work with the perspective of landscape pattern of the region where the palace located.The study provided more valuable information to people for learning the front palace system in Qin dynastic,the royal garden philosophy,the landscape view matured during Qin dynasty.The study was the supplement for the history of imperial palace planning,palace architecture and the royal garden and provided the theoretical guidence for the heritage Park construction and the surrounding area.The factors for the palace site selection were analyzed from three aspects including politics,military and natural environment,basing on the previous relevent research work.The historical geographical environment in Guan Zhong district was recovered with multiple methods.The paper systematicly discussed the problem from three aspects,including the planning,the garden thoery and the building system of the front palace.The content related to five aspects,including the background of the palace construction,the palace planning,the garden thoery,the building system of the front palace and the protection and the utilization of the palace heritage.Finally,the system of the palace buliding and the garden were concluded.From the perspective of landscape architecture,the study appled four study methods,including the literature research method,the analogy and deduction method,the deductive reasoning method and the geographic information technology.The study on the E-Pang palace planning shows that the " world center " construction thought inherited from the tradition which were inherited from Shang dynasty to Qin dynasty was used in the imperial palace construction and expressed as the " centre selected " in the later period,The manifestation of the thought was the central axis of the capital and the front palace.The E-Pang palace’ s planning were analized from four aspects,including observating the environment,identifying the direction,investigating the soil and the water and scoping the range.It has been demonstrated that the corresponding relationship between the front palace and the " Feng Yu " valley.The "Feng Yu" valley located on the baseline of the E-Pang palace was the reference point when the E-Pang palace ’ s constructied.The traffic systems surrounding the E-Pang palace has aslo been demonstrated.The study on the garden thought of the E-Pang palace shows that the Qin dynasty was an important period in the process when Chinese traditional royal landscape conception became mature.In Qin dynasty,the royal gardens started the royal landscape form,which implied the political ideal.The landscape thoughts including the feature and function of the water system related to the E-Pang palace had been studied on large and small scales,conbined with the restoration of the spatial distribution of historical natural water ponds around the E-Pang palace and the historical geographical environment around the E-Pang palace,as well as the the lake remains located on the east of the front palace.The study on the E-Pang palace system shows that the palace system in Zhou dynasty was the source of the palace system in Qin dynasty,which was inherited by the palace system in Han dynasty and was inovated in the palace system in Six dynasties.The orientation,the entrance,the axis,the structural unit and the arrangement of the front palace had been hypothesized and proved.The platform of the front palace and the structure of the north wall had been restored.The main palace in the front palace building group had been studied,including the location on the front palace platform,the scale,the plane shape,the east and west wings,the roof shape and the relationship between the main palace and the courtyard.The most study was focus on the magnificent scale and structure of the palace building,but seldom study on the site selection,location,and how the axis of the front palace connected with the natural landscape.Four method were used in this study,including the method of literature review,reference analogy,reasoning hypothesis method and using GIS software for the Qin Dynasty’s historical geographical environment restoration.The following five problems had been studied and the conclutions were reached.The main innovations of this paper were reflected in three aspects.Firstly,the perspective of the study was innovative.The construction background had been analised systimatically from tow perspectives including the national development and the national politics.The study of the planning,landscape thoughts and the palace system of the E-Pang palace were started from the restoration of the historical natural landscape environment and the spatial relationship between the surrounding environment and the palace building groups.Secondly,the study was closely linked to the latest archaeological achievements.It plays an important role in promoting the study on the E-pang Palace site selection.Thirdly,multiple methods had been applied on the study of the palace buildings group and the main palace,basing on the theoretical analysis.The location of the main palace and the axis of the buildings group of the front palace had been speculated by studying on the spatial facing relationship between the front palace and the "south mountain",combining with the traditional thoughts named as "center selected" for the palace and capital’s construction,which were the supplement to previous studies.