Study On The Hill And Water Landscape System In The City Of Fuzhou

With the rapid urbanization and steady improvement of living standard,people are eager to regain their cultural identity.Traditional human settlements represent people's topophilia to the land and they are loaded with abundant and profound historical intelligence.The merit and weakness in today's urbanization can be best seen by reference to them.Ancient Fuzhou is one of the best example of provincial human settlement construction.It not only indicates that the city planning has perfectly integrated with nature,but there is also a close relationship between people's life and traditional landscape.From the comprehensive view of Landscape Architecture,this paper mainly discusses the city development and landscape evolution of ancient Fuzhou under the influence of traditional culture.This paper briefly analyzes the geographical location and natural basis of Fuzhou to digest the features of physical geography,and summarizes the city planning practices in China's past dynasties to understand the experience source of ancient Fuzhou city construction.Then,this paper combs the development history of ancient Fuzhou city from the pre-Qin period to the Ming and Qing dynasties,discusses the influencing factors and main achievements in city construction.On that basis,this paper put up the idea of hill and water landscape system to probe the relationship between material space and humanistic spirit.Hill and water landscape system can be seen as a coupled superposition of landscape pattern,common custom space and artistic expression.The landscape pattern includes four aspects:natural environment,irrigation and water conservancy,landscape elements and Feng shui arrangement.The common custom space includes political space,transport space,production space and recreational space.The artistic expression includes seasonal customs,poetries and paintings of eight views and the comparison across time and space.With the layering analysis of Fuzhou hill and water landscape system,this paper is going to reveal the interaction of traditional science,aesthetics and space.Then,this paper discusses the basic characteristics of Fuzhou hill and water landscape system.They are the combination of normal form and local environment,the deliberation by overall view and multiple scales,the connection of traditional landscape and humanistic sensibility,the coupling of natural alienation and city development.Although the fact that traditional landscape and culture is fading away from our lives and cities,it is possible and necessary to unite the traditional experience and modem science in the social practice.This paper tries to put forward four protection and development paths of Fuzhou hill and water landscape system.The first is combination of spirit and material,which means to respect the reality and integrity of landscape and to maintain the man-earth relationship.The second is reconstruction the value,which means to find the realistic value of traditional experience,let the historical pattern react to contemporary demand.The third is inheritance and development,which means to cherish the regional characteristics and renewal the traditional pattern.The last one is multi-disciplinary communication and public participation.The innovation of this paper lies in the following aspects:1.Research ideas innovation.This paper focuses on the relationship between traditional culture and the settlement construction,which is to probe the space practice and value cognition in man participation in nature.2.Method innovation.This paper develops the layer system of vernacular landscape in order to understand the social value and humanistic connotation in material space.3.Results innovation.This paper integrates the research results on history,geography,literature,folklore and so on to complete the basic research work about man-earth relationship in ancient Fuzhou.