| Since the reform and opening up,China has achieved rapid development.China’s urbanization rate rose rapidly from 19.4% in 1980 to 57.4% in 2016,forming a unique migration path and urban-rural development model.The quality of life of urban and rural residents has been greatly improved.The floating population has created a variety of living space in urban China.However,since entering the stage of “new normal” development,the pattern of China’s economic development and urban-rural development have all changed.The uncertainty of the process of population urbanization has increased and the quality of urbanization has been questioned.In this context,more and more scholars pay attention to the development of China’s floating population families.“Family” is the basic unit of social organization and social operation in China.However,the existing studies on urbanization mostly focus on the dimension of “individual urbanization”,and the urban-rural planning practice is also rarely conducted from the perspective of the family.In order to further study the relationship between urban-rural development and urbanization of migrant families,and to probe into the process of urbanization of migrant families,and to explore the transformation path of planning to promote the urbanization of migrant families,and to establish a “family urbanization theory” based on urban-rural planning practice,based on the systematic survey data,this study uses the quantitative analysis method to analyze the urbanization status and pattern of migrant families in different spatial scales,the relocation of migrant families between urban areas and rural areas,and the settlements of floating population family.“Family urbanization theory” is the theory of planning,based on China’s urban-rural planning practice.“Family urbanization” requires that migrant families should achieve urban reunification.“Residence-employment-public service” of migrant family need to be urbanized in a coordinated manner in each dimension,and it is required that the urban life of the floating population families should be carried out on a suitable space and at a reasonable scale.“Family urbanization” emphasizes the social benefits of urban-rural planning and the promotion of the urbanization and social mobility of migrant families through spatial intervention using urban-rural planning.In the part of empirical analysis,this study is organized from three scales,“national level-city level-area level”.Different from a family urban-rural split in rural areas in the early period of reform and opening up,the trend of a family reunion of migrant families is obvious in the new period.At the national level,the phenomenon of the family split of floating population in Beijing-Tianjin and the core cities of the Yangtze River Delta is prominent.At the city level,the family split of floating population shows that the more developed the city is,the higher the proportion of “couples in the same city” is,and the higher the percentage of children left behind is.Urban living costs and the supply of basic public services have the most prominent impact on the family split of floating population.This paper further finds that there exists an inverted U-shaped curve relationship between the level of urbanization and the “discrete-reunion” of migrant families under the existing urbanization mode.This paper put forward the index of family urbanization(FUI)and finds that the FUI of floating population tends to be “low in first-and third-tier cities,high in second-tier cities”.This study finds that there is a U-shaped relationship between the willingness of rural families relocating their towns and the urbanization level of their cities.And the better the public service facilities in the village and the closer to the central town,the lower the family’s willingness to move to urban areas.Using the first-hand survey data collected in the typical migrant settlements of the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta,this study analyzes the supply and demand of “residence-employment-public service” for the floating population families and the effectiveness of urban-rural planning in China.This study suggests that the urbanization of migrant families should be based on the necessary spatial support.The case of development zones shows that the floating population in the development zone planning and construction is regarded as an “individual labor force” and their family life needs was neglected leading to the big gap of “residence-employment-public service” between central area and development zone,which restricts the localization and urbanization of the migrant families.The analysis of the evolution of social space in Nanjing Xuanwu Tiebei New City suggests that there is a “competitive elimination” effect in the space redevelopment under the existing urbanization pattern.Due to the lack of purchasing power for space resources,a large number of floating population families continue to be marginalized in space and society.The main innovations of this study: First,the paper develops the theory of family urbanization.In this study,the theory of “family urbanization” is further transformed into practice theory of urban-rural planning.Combined with the transformation and development of specific space,the paper also examines the existing urban-rural planning models and provides a new perspective and a new path for urban-rural planning.Second,this paper proposes and verifies the “discrete-reunification” law of migrant families.Based on the large-scale survey data,it is found that there is an inverse U-shaped relationship between the level of urbanization and the reunion of migrant families in the existing urbanization mode.Third,this paper empirically analyzes the “competitive elimination” effect of the current development model.This study proposes the concept of “competitive elimination” to express “the process of replacement of the main social class by the marketization competition of high-quality urban space” and provides a new perspective for analyzing the effectiveness of urban-rural planning. |
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