Study On The Character And Formation Mechanism Of Rural Settlement Landscape In Mount Linlv Area Of South Taihang

Under the background of high-speed globalization and urbanization,the unique rural settlement landscape in China is disappearing rapidly.In the current research on the characteristics of rural settlement landscape,the research object is focused more on the living landscape in rural settlement,ignoring the production landscape and belief landscape.This research framework for the characteristics of settlement landscapes ignores the integrity of settlement landscapes,and it is very unfavorable for the identification of the characteristics of mountain settlement landscapes where the terrain is complex and the building area in the settlement is small.Therefore,it is urgent to find a research method for the landscape characteristics of this type of settlement.Based on this problem,this paper combines the characteristics of landscape architecture,and constructs a systematic analysis framework of rural settlement landscape characteristics,which is based on the Scientific Theory of Human Settlements,Place Theory and Maslow's Demand Theory.This paper selects Mount linlv area as the research scope,where is a typical mountain canyon landscape unit in South Taihang area.Based on the analysis of the natural geographical environment,historical and cultural environment and social structure background of the area.This paper uses the methods of field investigation,settlement unit level analysis and graphic analysis,and takes 21 rural settlements in this area as samples to study the landscape characteristics and its formation mechanism frome the three functional levels of production,living and belief,and three scale levels of landscape,settlement and residence.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The spatial structure of production landscape,living landscape and belief landscape of rural settlements in this area are different.Among them,From the center to the boundary,the production landscape shows a staggered ring structure of "village-forestfield-forest-mountain".The landscape and settlement scale of living landscape show the structure of "gathering-non centripetal",while the settlement scale shows the structure of "gatheringcentripetal".Belief landscape shows the structure of "center-boundary".(2)Rural settlement landscape shows different characteristics in different mountain steps,which can be divided into three categories.South Taihang Mountain has formed three different geomorphic characteristics in the piedmont,mountainside and mountaintop.In order to solve the problems of different native terrains,the local settlements finally formed three types of piedmont water-proof type,mountainside risk-proof type and mountaintops wind-proof type.Among them,the piedmont water-proof type can be divided into two subtypes: steep slope type and high platform type,and the mountainsides riskproof type can be divided into two subtypes: gentle slope type and cliff type.(3)Rural settlement landscape is organized by a multi-level nested landscape pattern system.The production landscape,living landscape and belief landscape of the settlement respectively show similar "prototype" structure on the three levels of landscape,settlement and residence,and form a model system as a whole.The presentation of many kinds of settlement landscape is exactly the adaptive expression of "prototype" structure in specific geographical environment.(4)Among the three kinds of landscape,the production landscape plays a key role in determining the type of mountain settlement.Due to the limitation of natural environment productivity,the living landscape in mountain settlements occupies a small area and has a single structure.But the production landscape covers a large area,and shows different structure with different terrain.This type of settlement landscape is the foundation of living and belief landscape construction,which determines the overall landscape characteristics of the settlement.(5)The formation of rural settlement landscape is based on people's basic living needs and driven by natural geographical environment.The production landscape in rural settlements comes from people's material needs,the living landscape comes from people's social needs,and the belief landscape comes from spiritual needs.The function type and basic structure of settlement landscape are determined by people's living needs,and the expression of its specific form is shaped by the regional natural geographical environment.The main innovations of this paper can be summarized as follows:(1)Expand the existing analysis framework of rural settlement landscape characteristics.(2)This paper summarizes a multi-level nested model system behind the rural settlement landscape.The research significance of this paper is as follows:(1)Clarified the unique human settlement wisdom in the rural settlement landscape of the South Taihang area,and make up for the gaps of existing research.(2)It expands the existing research vision,methods and theoretical system of rural settlement landscape.This paper puts forward a systematic analysis framework,and sums up the multi-level nested pattern system and the process of landscape formation behind the rural settlement landscape.(3)It is helpful to understand the value of rural settlement landscape and treat the landscape expression of different groups equally.The research framework and the application of the settlement landscape model system can more specifically identify the characteristics of the rural settlement landscape,and lay the foundation for a deeper understanding of people's unique lifestyles and their views on the environment in a particular cultural system.Provide theoretical support and method reference for the protection and renewal of rural settlement landscape in the future.