Research On The Countermeasures And Methods Of The Design Of Green Buildings In Humid And Hot Climate Zone

With China's proposal of the “green” development ideas and the architecture policy of “applicability?economy?green?beauty”,green buildings in our country have entered a new periond of large-scale and high-speed development.Facing the real dilemma that architects' absence and aphasia have not fundamentally changed although green buildings have been developing in China for many years,it has now become an important realistic issue to be solved urgently on how to bring the architects' leading role into full play,how to lay a green foundation stone for buildings at the source of design to ensure the basic quality of green buildings' design and avoid the directional errors in its development,which is also the direction and goal that this research aims to achieve.This research works towards the aim of “returning to the basic concept,returning to the basic principle,confronting the real situation and finite solution for complex problems”,adopts the overall,comprehensive,coherent systematic thinking,and follows the general idea of "asking questions,analyzing problems and solving problems".Firstly,taking the design and reporting mateirals of part of three-star green building design identification projects in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2014 and all its one-and two-star green building design identification projects(a total of 155 items,including more than 600 single buildings)for research objects,and comprehensively applying the basic theories of architecture,economics,system theory and other disciplines,this paper has made a multi-angle and multi-layered analysis of the current situation,problems and causes of the design,and pointed out the universally existing inclination that in humid and hot climate zone,environment and climate are neglected but active technology application is domina in the green building design,and the prevailing phenomenon of the design of "standard coping style”.One major reason for this is that under China's existing development model,and based on the real situation,it is the the rational option that those architects trapped in the market have adopted.Another reason is that architects have cognitive mistakes and deviation in terms of green building,design concept and method.Secondly,returning to the basic concept of green buildings and the basic principles of design,combined with the comprehensive and systematic analysis of "green building evaluation criteria",and closely linked to the current architectural situation,this paper repeatedly explains and demonstrates the leading and core roles of green buildings in many ways,namely,building energy saving design,whose key restricting factor is the design of building body's heat and natural ventilation in scheme phase.It is pointed out that low energy-consumption building body in balance with climate and nature is the core and cornerstone of green buildings,and the role and basic responsibilities of architects are systematically clarified.Thirdly,taking the basic theory of architecture as the dominant factor,synthesizing the theories of history,geography and culturology,etc,and studying the embodiment and internal mechanism of Guangfu traditional residential ecological experience,this paper points out that the ecological wisdom that Guangfu's traditional dwelling houses make use of the building body for heat prevention and natural ventilation is the rational choice made under the multiple constraints of society,economy,culture,technology and environment rather than the "ideal" choice to actively adapt to the climate,which is highly consistent with the design concept of "heat protection" and "natural ventilation".It is emphasized that learning traditional houses needs to explore them historically from many perspectives,such as society,economy,culture,environment and technology,and to analyze and grasp the inherent mechanism and essence of traditional dwellings adapting to the climate so as to avoid the "symbol" and "representation" pattern.Fourthly,based on the existing research conclusions of "architect's role can not be replaced" and design decisions related to interests and “value judgments”,confirming the countermeasures to study "hold the core and key elements of design" and "design constraints",and drawing lessons from the hierarchical concept of "cultural structure" of culturology,the research has explored and attempted to construct the green building design strategy— a three-level framework system: 1)Green building view: The low energy-consumption building body in balance with nature and climate is the green core and cornerstone of green buildings;2)Design management and control mechanism: Green building design keeps to the principles of integrity,performance orientation and flexibility;the design standard system covers design criteria,evaluation criteria and design guidelines,etc.;the design constraint mechanism includes design review,identification and evaluation mechanism;3)Operational level: The design method of building space thermal protection and the design method of building space ventilation are the core.In view of the present situation and disadvantages of the relative postposition of the current green building design review and identification evaluation mechanism,the corresponding suggestions for improving the green building design review mechanism in scheme phase have been put forward.Finally,based on the summary and refinement of design methods of heat protection and natural ventilation of existing buildings,this paper has proposed the concept,design ideas and priorities of architectural space ventilation design and architectural space thermal protection design.Through case analysis and virtual experiment,the research results are corroborated and further explained.This research has made a litte bit of effort to improve the green building design theory and design management mechanism in the humid and hot climate zone,which has a certain reference effect on the personnel of green building design and practical significance for the healthy development of green buildings.