| As the key optical sensor of attitude measurement and control system of satellites,performance of sun sensors has been improved greatly with the rapid development of space science technology.Meanwhile,space environment during satellite work is complex day by day with diverse observation tasks.Especially,sun sensors are affected by other non-target celestial bodies and reflection stray light of the satellite itself during some complex outer space experiments such as orbit rendezvous and docking.Thus,precision and reliability of sun sensors have been influenced.It may cause system failure and other serious consequences indeed.Therefore,it is in great demand to carry out reflection stray light simulation during the working process of sun sensors,especially during the semi-physical simulation ground tests such as orbit rendezvous and docking.Aiming at the national spaceflight demand for semi-physical simulation ground experiment and test of sun sensors,we carry out the deep research on key technology such as integrated design technique of heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulators,divergent optical system optimization design technique with large irradiation area,moving target tracking regulation technique,control technique of solar simulators and adjustment methods of optical axis in the paper with the combination of technical status that it is lack of reflection stray light simulation technique of satellite itself and other structures.We lay emphasis on solving the following problems: inconformity of simulation results and actual measurement results for long-distance large-area uniform irradiation,irradiation intensity and irradiation uniformity;adjustment problems of solar simulators and so on.The research that we do in the paper may provide advanced ground simulation experiment and test methods for sun sensors.They have important practical significance for improving the performance of sun sensors.On the basis of basic theory of solar radiation and theoretical basis of non-image optics,we optimize the optical system of a solar simulator with the combination of uniform illumination method and beam homogenizing method.Then,we put forward a kind of design scheme for divergent optical system with large irradiation area.After that,we present and establish a kind of heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulator,which can realize continuous tracking sunlight irradiation simulation with long distance,large area and high homogeneity,with the combination of key technology such as divergent optical system optimization design with large irradiation area,moving target tracking regulation and control of solar simulators.On the basis of numerical analysis method and nest modeling thought,we carry out deep research on the practical glowing effect simulation method of xenon lamp on the aspects of axile relative brightness distribution curve,light source model,and space light intensity distribution etc.in order to solve the problem of inconformity of simulation results and actual measurement results for irradiation intensity and irradiation uniformity of solar simulators.We compare the practical glowing effect modeling results to the traditional method modeling results of simulation and experiment.Then,we conclude that the simulation result of practical glowing effect modeling is close to the actual measurement result of solar simulators.We verify the correctness of practical glowing effect simulation method through the experiments.It is the divergent optical system with large irradiation area which determine whether solar simulators can realize uniform irradiation with long working distance and large irradiation area.In the paper,we optimize the design for combination condensation system,beam shaping system and double row fly eye lens array as well as divergent optical projection system.Furthermore,we utilize practical glowing effect modeling to carry out simulation analysis.The results show that if the working distance of a divergent solar simulator with large area is 20000 mm,irradiation surface diameter is Φ 1550mm;irradiation unevenness is ±7.7%.According to the functional requirement that heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulators need continuous tracking irradiation on moving targets,we put forward a design method for moving target tracking regulating system on the basis of unification design concept.Then,we construct azimuth rotation regulating system and pitching rotation regulating system.After that,we realize movement function control of heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulators.In the paper,we design the xenon lamp power supply control system and temperature control system which realize controlled adjustment and steady control of spot emerged from heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulators.Such design methods can provide reliable technical support for long-time steady operation of heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulators.Accurate adjustment of divergent optical system with large irradiation area is the key link to guarantee the optical property of solar simulators.With the combination of existing specific component adjustment technique of solar simulators,we firstly analyze the design principle of optical axis conformity error compensation structure.Secondly,we determine the design concept which adopts equilateral triangle support arrangement.Thirdly,we design the xenon short-arc lamp regulating structure.Fourthly,we put forward the adjustment datum optical axis establishment and optical axis adjustment methods for rotation reflectors,combination condensation system,and beam shaping system.Fifthly,we establish a complete optical axis adjustment system for heavy caliber divergent-type coaxial solar simulators which may guarantee the performance index of solar simulators.Finally,we verify the key technical indexes of solar simulators in the experiment.Experiment results show that if the working distance is 20000 mm,effective spot diameter is Φ1550mm;irradiation intensity is 1484.8W/m2;irradiation unevenness is ±9.4%;irradiation instability degree is ±1.8%/h;azimuth angle adjusting range is from-180o to 180o;azimuth angle regulation precision is 0.35o;pitch angle adjusting range is from-45o to +45o,azimuth angle regulation precision is 0.23o. |
