| The automobile production and sales in China have ranked first in the world for more than ten years.Ecological design of automotive products is an important method to achieve sustainable development of the automotive industry.Carrying out the ecological evaluation of automotive products for the life cycle is not only conducive to selecting or improving the designing scheme,but also realizing the green development of automotive products originally.However,the present ecological evaluation of automobile products in China is mainly for the using stage of automobile products,while the evaluation to other stages is neglected;not only rarely takes the requirements of product performance and ecological impact into consideration,but also lacking of conformity with China’s national conditions.The quantitative analysis evaluation tools for automotive product considering features are scarce,too.The main research work of this paper is as follows:(1)Constructed a comprehensive evaluation framework for eco-design of automotive products,and proposed the concept of eco-value of products.From the microscopic point of view,the life cycle process of automobile products is deeply analyzed,the research ideas of comprehensive evaluation of ecological design for automobile product are clarified,the key technologies and steps required for the whole evaluation process are abstracted and summarized,and the comprehensive evaluation model is given.The model includes the ecological cost evaluation model of automobile products,the quantitative evaluation model of automobile product performance,and the comprehensive evaluation model of automobile product ecological value.At the same time,the concept of “product ecological value” and the evaluation method were put forward.In the ecological design of automotive products,by evaluating the ecological value of automotive products,taking product performance and ecological environmental protection requirements into account,and to achieve better product performance with less ecological cost.(2)Established a comprehensive evaluation method for the ecological design of automotive products.Including automobile product life cycle inventory analysis technology based on "three-stage" modularization,automobile product impact evaluation technology based on ecological cost index,quantitative evaluation technology of automobile product performance based on FAHP-FQFD,and comprehensive evaluation technology based on ecological value of automobile products.(3)Established a life-cycle mathematical model for comprehensive evaluation of eco-design for automotive products.Firstly,the mathematical model for calculation of the life cycle resource consumption index of automobile products,the mathematical model for calculation of the environmental impact index of the whole life cycle of automobile productsand the calculation model for the comprehensive life cost evaluation index of the whole life cycle of automobile products are established.Then,the performance evaluation of automobile products is put forward.Finally,the mathematical model for resource-saving ecological value index of automobile products,the mathematical model for environmental-friendly ecological value index and the mathematical model for ecological value comprehensive index were established.(4)Developed the V-EVA1.0,a comprehensive evaluation software for automotive product’s eco-design.The basic structure of the evaluation software system was established,and the functional modules such as the basic database,the background evaluation calculation engine and the human-machine interface were designed.This system provides strong support for empirical research and the application of evaluation methods.(5)Taking the front-cover of automobile as the empirical research instance,applying the comprehensive ecological evaluation method of automobile product to evaluate and compare the lightweight design of the front-cover in aluminum alloy and the front-cover in traditional steel.First,in-depth research conducted by the company,collecting a list of resource consumption and environmental emissions data for the life cycle of the front-cover.Secondly,applying the comprehensive evaluation software "V-EVA1.0" to calculate and compare the ecological value index of several front-covers.From the analysis results,it is found that for the gasoline vehicle,the ecological value index of the aluminum alloy front-cover is higher than that of the traditionally designed steel front-cover,indicating that the front-cover of the gasoline vehicle achieves a lower ecological design through lightweight design with less environmental costs.However,for electric vehicles,the ecological value index of the aluminum alloy front-cover is smaller than that of the steel front-cover,indicating that the lightweight design of the aluminum alloy front-cover for electric vehicles needs to be improved.Finally,aiming at improving the ecological value of the front-cover of electric vehicles,from the aspects of reducing the ecological cost of the front-cover and improving the product performance index,the improvement suggestions for the lightweight design of the aluminum alloy front-cover for electric vehicles are proposed.The comprehensive evaluation method of eco-design for automobile products is proposed in this paper,which plays an important role in promoting the development of eco-design technology of automobile products.At the same time,it has crucial significance for mitigating the design conflict between the performance of automobile products and the ecological environment. |
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