Study On The Sustainable Development Of Forest Tourism In Heilongjiang Province Based On Tourism Perception

As a complex integrated activities,the forest tourism development involves in the protection and utilization of natural resources,also affects the well-being and development of human society.If the relationship between natural resources and human society is not treated well,it will cause conflicts which impact on sustainable development of local areas.Thus,the sustainable development of forest tourism has the vital significance to regional ecological security and the social and economic development.The sustainable ability of forest tourism mainly depends on three aspects: the first one is about the resources and environmental quality,the social and political environment,the economic development quality in tourist destination;the second is whether local residents can benefit from tourism development;and the third is whether tourists could obtain experience value in the process of tourism.Among the three aspects,perception and attitude of tourists and residents towards tourism make important influence on the sustainable development of tourism.In order to make further study on the sustainability of the forest tourism in the Heilongjiang province,this research takes tourists and residents as the research objects to study both their forest tourism perception based on the tourism perception theory,the sustainable development theory,landscape ecology,tourism gaze theory and stakeholder theory.This research makes questionnaire to obtain the relevant data and applies structural equation modeling to getting the demographic characteristics of tourists and residents,the correlation of tourism,the relationship between tourism impact and tourism perception model mathematical verification.After establishing a theoretical model,this study verifies that the development of tourism impacts on the perception of tourists and residents.The results show that:(1)In the selected three cases areas,the overall satisfaction of residents and tourists in Snow-town tourism area of Lesser Khingan is highest.Yichun area is the second,and the third is the Greater Khingan mountains area.Residents satisfaction is mainly with positive perception which includs positive economic,social,environmental and positive support.The Economic positive cognitive load factor is higher,which suggests that local residents participate in the activities of tourism economy is relatively high.Conversely,the negative impact of residents was weak.And the tourist loyalty is optimal in Snow-town tourism area of Lesser Khingan.(2)After applying structural equation to test the residents perception in three areas of Heilongjiang province,the overall results are consistent with assumptions.The positive perception has a significant influence on comprehensive satisfaction,which has a significant impact on community participation behavior.But it is different in the supporting for the hypothesis.That indicates that the different development stages of the tourism destination,different modes of operation and management play an important role in improving the residents’ perception.In addition,the residents negative perception is not significantly negative related to comprehensive satisfaction and community participation behavior,but plays a positive role.This may be related to benefits which the residents have in the development of tourism.So they have weak awareness to the negative impacts and make no real negative effects.(3)The model of tourist satisfaction is consistent with the loyalty.Tourism perception to resources,hardware’s and software services have significant positive influence on the tourists.Tourist satisfaction has significant influence on loyalty,which suggests the tourism development of Heilongjiang province is higher than the expected conditions and finds out the software service is the greatest impact on tourists’ satisfaction.And tourism commodity perception had no significant impacts on overall the tourists’ satisfaction for the products lacking of local characteristics.This study also builds tourism perception model of the sustainable development of forest tourism in Heilongjiang province.In this model,the sustainable development of forest tourism includes four dimensions: forest tourism resources,tourism destinations,tourism comprehensive benefits and tourism activities.The four factors are interdependent and interactive to determine the capacity of the sustainable development of forest tourism destinations.The model illustrates the relationship between tourists and residents and emphasizes the multiple targets of the destination tourism development and the comprehensiveness and complexity of Man-Land relationship in order to provide a theoretical framework for the sustainable development of forest tourism.Finally this study puts forward some suggestions for the sustainable development of forest tourism in Heilongjiang province.This study reveals the paths of the relations between tourism and tourists and residents,also verifies that the forest tourism development impacts on the perception of residents and tourists in the destination.And this study suggests that tourism perception can effectively reflect the quality of the tourism development and the sustainable ability of tourism development.It should given priority to the consideration of tourists in the process of regional tourism development and the necessity of residents’ awareness because the perception of tourists and residents is an indicator to understand the development of regional tourism.For forest tourism in Heilongjiang province,the policy makers,the managers and the operators should understand deeply the close relationship between forest tourism development and the residents and tourists,then analyze the impacts of tourism on environment factors.It is helpful to make scientific decision and real-time adjustment for the existing problems.Also it could reposethe regional model of the forest tourism development in certain area on the basis of improving human society system and environmental system in order to maintain and improve regional ecosystem services,as well as to improve the well-being of local communities.