Diversity Of Soil Arthropod Diversity In Different Forest Types In South China

Soil arthropods is an important part of soil ecosystem.It plays an important role in decomposing biological debris,improving soil physical and chemical properties,promoting soil material cycle and energy transformation.The composition and structure characteristics of soil arthropod community are sensitive to the change of habitat.Studying the structure and diversity of soil arthropod community can objectively reflect the health and stability of the ecosystem.By studying the structure and diversity of soil arthropod community in natural forest and artificial Camellia forest,the diversity of soil arthropods of different forest types was discussed from the perspective of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health and stability,which provided a theoretical reference for the management of natural reserves and the conservation of biological diversity.Based on the soil arthropods from tropical rain forest,subtropical natural forest and artificial Camellia oleifera forest in different habitats as the research object,through the Tullgren dry funnel and pitfall method to collect the soil arthropods from 2014 to 2016,after the collected soil animal were classified and counted,and Then the community structure and diversity characteristics of soil arthropods in different stands and their relationship with habitat factors such as stand type,altitude,latitude,season,soil physical and chemical properties and human disturbance were systematically studied by using the methods of community diversity analysis,community similarity analysis,variance analysis and correlation analysis.The results are as follows:(1)The research results on soil Collembolan and induced soil arthropod diversity from 4 different Camellia oleifera forest shows that: soil animal diversity index of mature Camellia oleifera forest is higher than the young,diversified ground cover is in favor of increasing the diversity of soil animal,reclamation and fertilization et al significantly decreased the diversity of soil Collembolan,but is conducive to increase the diversity of soil induced animal.Water is significant promoting to the diversity of soil Collembolan and induced soil arthropods in Camellia oleifera forest.(2)The comparative results of soil Collembolan and induced arthropods between subtropical natural secondary forest and artificial Camellia forest showed that: The soil Collembolan community diversity of subtropical natural secondary forest was significantly higher than that of artificial Camellia oleifera forest,diverse vegetation and its rich litter is conducive to the improvement of soil Collembolan richness and diversity,but it had no significant effect on the induced arthropods.The soil Collembolan community similarity of different natural secondary forest is higher than that of artificial different reclamation Camellia oleifera forest,The similarity of induced arthropod community between natural secondary forest and artificial forest is low.(3)Studies on soil arthropod diversity of natural secondary forest in BadaGongShan showed that: The species of soil arthropods in the natural secondary forest of the BadagongshanShan is rich and the community diversity is high.The soil arthropod communities were dominated by acari and Collembolan,and Hymenoptera,Diptera,Coleoptera and Pseudoscorpionida were common groups,the individual number and communities of litter were much higher than those of the soil layer;the individual number and community diversity of the soil arthropods in different habitats is different significantly,the individual number of thicker litter layer of deciduous broad-leaved forest was significantly higher than that of deciduous broad-leaved and evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest.Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil arthropod community had a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter,total nitrogen and total phosphorus content,and showed a significant negative correlation with soil total potassium content and p H value,but not significantly correlated with soil Ca and Mg content.The soil arthropod community also had a significant response to seasonal variation.The number of individuals showed autumn(November)is bigger than spring(April),and that of spring(April)is bigger than summer(July);the community diversity of summer is higher than spring,and that of spring is higher than autumn,and that of summer was significantly higher than that of spring and autumn.(4)The studies on soil Collembola diversity in 3 typical vegetation habitat in Badagongshan showed that: The number of litter,physical and chemical properties of soil in the 3 typical habitat vegetation of Badagongshan,have a significant impact on the soil Collembolan community structure and diversity.The individual number and group number,diversity index and richness index of soil Collembolan order of deciduous broad-leaved forest is the biggest,then evergreen broad-leaved forest,evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest.and the number of Collembolan community were positively correlated with the soil organic matter and total nitrogen,negatively correlated with soil total potassium,pH value of the habitats.The season also has a significant impact on the soil Collembolan community structure and diversity.In spring(April),the number of soil Collembolan community was the largest,diversity index,evenness index and richness index were the highest,the community structure was the most complex;the number of individuals is the largest but the evenness and richness were the lowest in autumn(November).(5)The studies on soil Collembola diversity in the tropical rainforest Jianfengling showed that: The species richness and community diversity of in Jianfengling is higher but the average density is low than the subtropical natural secondary forest.The dominant groups were Entomobrya,Folsomia,Neelus,etc.and there were also the groups of tropical properties,such as Paronella,Salina,Crossodonthina and so on.The topography has great influence on the soil springtail community in the mountain rainforest of Jianfengling,and the springtail community diversity in different elevations and slopes is significant difference.Soil fertility also has a certain influence on soil springtail community,among them,the number of soil springtail community groups is significantly positively related to Shannon-Wiener diversity,Margalef richness and soil pH value;the number of springstail individuals is significantly positively related to soil organic matter,total nitrogen content,the Pielou evenness is significant negative related to organic matter content,Simpson dominance index and soil pH value is significant negative correlation.The soil springtail community group number,individual number and diversity index were lower than those in the end of rainy season.The community structure and diversity of soil arthropods were affected by soil layer change,latitude change,altitude change,stand type change,soil physicochemical property change and human disturbance.Under different conditions,the effect of environmental factors on the structure and diversity of soil animal community is not consistent.Environmental factors do not act on Soil animals alone,but interaction affects their community structure and diversity.To analyze change and difference of diversity on soil arthropod community in different habitats,in addition to the effects of climate,soil physical and chemical properties and inorganic environmental factors,but also integrated into the vegetation,edible of different soil arthropod species and other soil animal nutrition relationship.