Effect Of Different Water And Fertilizer Combination On Greenhouse Tomato By Intelligent Drip Irrigation System

Intelligent control drip irrigation system based on wireless networking has been used for crops cultivation to minimize water and fertilizer use as well as for improve the target yield.Most of the study using intelligent drip method was conducted for varieties of salvia,sage crops,apple trees,dwarf cherry trees etc.in open field condition.However,water-fertilizer application using this system in greenhouse vegetables cultivation is unseen.In this study,the effect of different level of water and nitrogen-potash(N-K)fertilizer combined application on greenhouse tomato growth index,yield and quality was investigated by intelligent drip irrigation system.The research was conducted at Water Conservancy and Hydropower Research Institute,Liaoning province,Shenbei New District,North China.The aim of the study was to find the best water and fertilizer combination on the basis of higher tomato yield.A randomized block design was used with nine treatments consisting three levels each of water field capacity and nitrogen-potash(N-K)fertilizer combinations.These are: W1 = 65%,W2 = 75% and W3 = 85% of field capacity(FC)and N1-K1 = 70%,N2-K2 = 100% and N3-K3 =130%.A combination of 100% water field capacity and local farmer?s conventional used fertilizer(NPK)was considered as the check(CK)for comparison.Water and fertilizer combination were applied at controlled rate using improved intelligent drip irrigation system(Witu High-Tech model).The data obtained was analyzed for analysis of variance(ANOVA)using IBM SPSS 19.0 version and also used MS Excel 2010 version.The ANOVA test was performed to check the significant level for the effect of treatments on tomato growth index,yield and quality.Least significance difference(LSD)method was used to rate the mean values of treatment.Also,regression analysis had done as a statistical process to estimate the tomato yield prediction in response of water and fertilizer combined application.The results reveals that,highest values of growth index in terms of plant height(167.06 cm)and leaf area index(5.21 m2/m2)with W1N1K1 and W3N1K3 respectively had significant(P < 0.001)influenced by treatments except stem diameter(13.91 mm)with W3N1K3.The plant height was found significant different in between treatments at 50,60 and 70 days after transplanting and leaf area index was found significant difference only at 30 days after transplanting.Whereas,stem diameter shown no significant different at all.It also indicates that the treatment with highest growth index did not influence on the highest yield.Results also reveals that the highest and lowest tomato yield were 103.16 t/ha and 94.65 t/ha with treatment W3N2K1 and W1N2K2 respectively,which showing significant different between the treatments(P < 0.001).The highest yield was achieved 2% greater than CK yield(100.92 t/ha).According to abovementioned observation the result also indicates that treatment W3N2K1 was found for a better water and fertilizer combination for improved tomato yield under greenhouse condition.The result also indicates that,highest individual average fruit weight(288.77g)and fruit diameter(85.33mm)with W1N2K2 showing significant different between treatments(P < 0.01).However,these results had no contribution to the highest yield of tomato.Result also shows that,the highest soluble sugar and vitamin C content was obtained 0.69 g/100 g and 22.1 mg/100 g with treatment W1N2K2 and W3N2K1 respectively,which indicates that fertilizer could influence on it more significantly than water application.It also reveals deficit water application influenced more in the additional amino acid composition in tomato fruits.The developed regression model was used to estimate the future yield based on observed yield,water and fertilizer(N,K)application and the results shows statistically significant(P < 0.01)which indicated the better performance(R2 = 0.82)among these observed values.Therefore,the results show that this improved intelligent drip system could magnificently be used to optimize the water and fertilizer combined application for greenhouse tomato production,in which 15% deficit water with 100% nitrogen and 70% potash could produce more yield.