| Our country agriculture is currently in the primary stage of modern agriculture,where tradition developing into modernity,and high input co-exist with grazing resources.The large increase of grain output depends on the intrinsic nutrients of arable land and the high-input of chemical fertilizer,pesticide as well as diesel fuel,which has directly led to the aggravation of agricultural endogenous pollution.Eco-efficiency had a successful application in the enterprises and industrial sectors,the research on agricultural eco-efficiency has significance on both theoretical and practical aspect.It provided the optimal entry point for the"efficient" agriculture and "ecology" thinking,and will provide an effective measurement tool for the concept of "zero-growth on fertilizers and pesticides" as well as new ideas for sustainable agricultural development.Under the guidance of economic growth theory,total factor productivity theory,ecology theory,innovation diffusion theory,agricultural extension theory,sustainable development theory,this study adopted a nested research approach,which narrowed down from provinces to cities,counties,and rural fixed observation points.Theories have been combined with case studies by Various quantitative analysis methods,such as GIS spatial,SBM model,HP filtering and time series section analysis.By using the disadvantages of modern agriculture development as pointcut,this study offers a comprehensive evaluation and influence factor research on the agricultural ecological efficiency of Fujian Province.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:First,this study analyzes the spatial and temporal order evolution pattern of agricultural ecological efficiency in Fujian Province.By employing agricultural ecological efficiency evaluation method and indicator system established by relevant literature,the agricultural ecological efficiency of Fujian Province in 2007-2016 was estimated,comparative analysis of agricultural ecological efficiency was carried out in three levels,including the whole province,nine prefecture cities and counties.Then,with the help of spatial econometric software and HP filter method,this study analyzes the pattern of agricultural eco-efficiency in Fujian Province from the aspects of spatial evolution and temporal evolution respectively,which concluded that spatial-temporal evolution pattern of agricultural eco-efficiency in Fujian Province has shown the characteristics of difference order.Lastly,employing the neoclassical convergence hypothesis in convergence analysis,it revealed that the spatial differences of agricultural eco-efficiency in Fujian Province have the characteristics of absolute β convergence,rather than with σconvergence,club convergence and random convergence characteristics,and the pattern of different order evolution will exist for a long time.Second,establish foundation with case analysis on evaluation of Agricultural Ecological Efficiency in Rural Fixed Observation Points in Fujian Province.First of all,employing SBM-VRS model and SBM-CRS model to analyze the agricultural ecological efficiency statically,which offered comprehensive efficiency,scale efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and input sensitivity of each factor measured in 43 rural fixed observation points in Fujian Province.It concluded that the agriculture eco-efficiency in most rural areas are relatively optimistic.However,there are still many observation points are invalid in the frontier of production,in which pure agricultural technical efficiency is the driving force and agricultural scale efficiency is the limiting factor.According to factor input sensitivity analysis,unintentional pollution output is an inferior indicator disadvantage index in the entire region of the whole year.After being ignored,the overall agricultural ecological efficiency has increased significantly.The amount of chemical fertilizer pollution is a dominant indicator advantage index in individual years and regions,not in the whole region all the time;After ignoring the usage of pesticides,Guotang Village in Zhangzhou and Dongmen Village in Nanping fell into ineffective production from effective production,but the increasing observation points were more than the decreasing ones.The disadvantage index is more obvious than partial advantage index when it comes to pesticide usage;Meixi Village in Zhangzhou City,Waiyang Village in Ningde City and Zhengban Village in Putian city had the highest sensitivity to plastic film,however the plastic film project was a partial advantage index of 11 rural observation points such as Dagu Village in Fuzhou,Xialu Road Village and Penglin Village in zhangzhou etc;After ignoring the diesel fuel index,12 rural observation points which had showed changes all have declining and rising in their eco-efficiency state.The usage amount of diesel fuel is partial advantage index and a disadvantage index at the same time;After ignoring the agricultural water consumption,the eco-efficiency in agriculture has risen in 13 observation points such as Cuozai Villiage in Quanzhou,among which Gaochen Village of Zhangzhou,Guihou Village of Zhangzhou,Neifeng Village of Zhangzhou,Xianling Village of Zhangzhou,Shiming Village of Longyan,Jiaotou Village of Ningde and other five observation points showed disadvantage index,agricultural water consumption is a disadvantage index in most rural areas of Fujian Province.Second,based on above information,and applying dynamic analysis on the agricultural ecological efficiency with the help of Malmquist index,it was found that the agricultural ecological efficiency of 43 rural fixed observation points in Fujian Province showed an overall trend of efficiency improvement from 2012 to 2016.The main reason was the benefits provided by technological development.However,there has been a decline in efficiency during 2013 and 2014,which was due to the decline in comprehensive technical efficiency,when the loss of comprehensive technical efficiency can not be make up by the technological improvement.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive technical efficiency,especially the improvement of scale efficiency.Last,referring to the effective unit,find out the input redundancy of the invalid unit,and improved value is proposed for invalid rural fixed observation points.so as to improve the output structure including the expected and the unintended by adjusting factor inputing structure。Third,analysis of affecting factors agricultural eco-efficiency in Fujian Province.Based on the relevant indicators according to previous studies,from which is empirical analysis of influencing factors.can be gained by employing Cross Section model on agricultural eco-efficiency in Fujian Province.With this foundation,it can be found through the analysis on observation points of three different agriculture eco-efficiency level that:the famers whose per capital net income was between 5%and 10%level had significant promotion effect on the first category and the second category,and did not have significant promotion effect the third category.The total permanent population at the end of the year was at the 10%level had a significant inhibitory effect on the third category and had no significant inhibitory effect on the first category and the second category;The proportion of farmer population at the 5%level had significant promotion effect on the first category,and did not have significant promotion effect on the second category and the third category;Proportion of facultative farmers at the 5%and 10%level had a significant inhibitory effect on the third and the second category,and had no significant inhibitory effect on the first category;The proportion of Migrant Workers had no significant promotion effect on the third category,and had no significant inhibitory effect on the first and second categories;per capita arable land area at 5%level had a significant promotion effect on the third type of agricultural production efficiency,had no significant promotion effect on the first category,and had no significant inhibitory effect on the second category;The education level of the labor force at 10%level had a significant promotion effect on the first and the second category,but did not have significant promotion effect on the third category;planting structure at the 5%level had a significant inhibitory effect on the third category,while had no significant promotion effect on the first category and the second category;The labor force that has received agricultural technology education or training had significant promotion effect to the first,second,and third categories at 5%,5%,and 10%level respectively;the number of rural cooperatives at the 10%level had significant promotion effect on the first category and had no significant promotion effect on the second and third categories;the effective irrigation area had significant promotion effect on all three kinds of observation points at the 5%level;the investment in agricultural fixed assets was declined at the 5%level in all three kinds of observation points,But its coefficient is gradually reduced and has a differential sequence;the allocations and subsidies of the upstream authorities had significant promoted the second category at the 5%level,and have not significant promotion effect on the first and third categories.Fourth,the suggestions are on the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency in Fujian Province.Based on the characteristics of the spatial-temporal evolution of agricultural eco-efficiency’ in Fujian Province and the case analysis of fixed observation points in rural areas,advice on improving agricultural eco-efficiency in Fujian Province are as following:(1)based on the spatial and temporal order pattern,reversing the regional ecological disadvantage;(2)reducing agricultural input redundancy,promoting structural energy saving and pollution reduction;(3)improving the technology of positive externality,to enhance agricultural innovation diffusion;(4)Improving agricultural socialization services and developing moderate-scale operations;(5)Increasing agricultural fixed investment and Optimizing the efficiency of agricultural allocation;(6)Actualizing compensation for cultivated land consumption and implement ecologically oriented incentives. |
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