Research On The Stakeholder Management Of Biogas Project In The Perspective Of Life Cycle

In this century,the world faces two major crises:energy shortage and environmental pollution.In our country,with the rapid economic growth,the accelerating consumption of disposable energy is resulting in energy shortage.Meanwhile,traditional agricultural production produces a lot of waste which returned to the atmosphere.Energy shortage and environmental pollution has become a constraint on China’s economic development,leading a serious problem that destroys people’s life quality.In order to solve the dual crisis of energy and environment,biogas project has been supported by policies and funds,because of its unique characteristics of being conducive to the production of renewable clean energy from waste generated in production.In China,biogas project has been developing continuously for several decades,striding a new step of scale development,comprehensive utilization,benefit pulling and scientific and technological support,and has grown into a landmark industry of agricultural modernization.At present,biogas project mainly takes the capital construction project as the main form of operation,has a high degree of professional relevance and technical integration,and the characteristics of multi-agent cooperation is very obvious.Therefore,the rural biogas project has become a large-scale project involving huge amount of material operation and the mutual assistance of many stakeholders.Project performance will not be isolated from stakeholders,but by stakeholders.Stakeholder relationships,especially the impact of operational activities on stakeholder relationships,as well as the impact of resource flows on stakeholder relationships,have become major constraints on project success or failure.Therefore,according to biogas project’ characteristics,this paper makes a systematic study on biogas project’ stakeholder management by combining theoretical analysis with case study.The main research contents and related research results are as follows:Firstly,according to the life cycle theory and stakeholders’ dynamic evolution characteristics in the life cycle,biogas project is divided into three stages which are interrelated and independent by the life cycle theory,i.e.the approval stage,the construction stage and the function stage.By studing the characteristics of stakeholders,stakeholder is changing and evoluting in the life cycle.Secondly,through the five steps of literature analysis,brainstorming,expert judgment,directory integration and feedback demonstration,biogas project’stakeholders were identified,and these 15 main stakeholders were in different stages of life cycls.Based on Mitchell’s stakeholder salience model,this paper divides stakeholders into three types:core,middle and edge in the three dimensions of power,legitimacy and urgency,and studies the dynamic evolution law of 15 stakeholders’characteristics from the three stages of project establishment,construction and operation.Thirdly,combining the two analysis perspectives of stakeholders and activities,using the super-network theory,according to stakeholders and activities in approval stage,the stakeholder super-network model is established to study on stakeholders relationships.From the view of different stakeholders’ position,this paper puts forward the model’s solution method and optimization path,and validates the feasibility of the model with practical cases.The results show that the organic relationship between stakeholders and activities makes the stakeholder relationship behave as a super-network structure in the project period,and the dominant individual situation can make the stakeholders have certain advantages in the process of information dissemination.In order to make marginal groups dominate the individual potential,it can be achieved by introducing it into key business activities and establishing information exchange relationship with the individuals.Forthly,according to the characteristics of multi-resource exchange during the construction period,based on complex network theory,weighted stakeholders resource network is eatablished.Combining degree centrality,betweenness centrality and closeness centrality,this paper proposes a method to solve the centrality aggregation model,and validates the model with a practical case.The result shows that the potential advantage of stakeholders can make them better than others in resource acquisition ability,resource control ability and resource conduction ability during the construction period.For the focus stakeholders,selective association with potential stakeholders is the best choice,which is conducive to resource utilization and resource reorganization.Finally,according to the characteristics of stakeholders forming value chain around business activities during operation period,the stakeholder system dynamics model is established by using system dynamics theory,and the factors that affect stakeholders’cost and benefit are determined.The feedback control relationship between the causes and effects of each factor is studied,and the benefit phase is found.The missing stakeholders are reconstructed by introducing policy variables.The results show that unreasonable biogas price,insufficient use of biogas fertilizer,waste disposal without compensation and lack of necessary support and intervention are the main reasons for the lack of internalization of economic internality and economic externality of the project.Correspondingly,biogas price regulation and biogas fertilizer subsidy Four policy variables,i.e.paid disposal of waste and centralized gas supply subsidy,can form a new pattern of interest relationship,further release the project performance,and increase the benefit significantly.