Analysis Of Multiphoton Microscopic Characteristics For Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Esophageal squamous cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor of digestive tract and badly threatened human life.Early detection of esophageal squamous cancer which involves no lymph noder or distant metastasis is important so as to offer a curative treatment.If it can’t be detected in early stage,tumor invasive depth should be accurate determined since the optimal therapeutic schedule which can improve the quality of patient’s life of each cancer stage is different.Once esophagectomy is choose,tumor tissue must be completely removed and normal tissue should be protected as much as possible.In this case,intramural metastasis(IM)should be identified.The real-time clinical diagnosis of esophageal squamous carcinoma is still challenging.However,multiphoton microscopy(MPM)shows great potential in biological imaging.In this study,the experiments of early detection of esophageal squamous cancer,T stage of esophageal squamous cancer and identification of IM are performed by using MPM.MPM features of esophageal squamous cancer are analyzed.Image analysis algorithms are also developed to diagnose esophageal squamous cancer.Some diagnostic parameters such as nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio of epithelial cells,the pixel density of collagen fiber,three-dimensional(3D)fiber orientation and 3D directional variance are extracted.The results show that MPM can be used for distinguishing between tumor tissue and normal tissue.’Morphological features of each stage and IM are also described.These features are well consistent with conventional pathological staining images.At last,the proposed MPM iamging method and diagnostic parameters are applied to identify the neck margin status of ductal adenocarcinoma in the pancreatic head.The results shows it can accurate’identify the neck margin status of ductal adenocarcinoma in the pancreatic head,indicating that the proposed MPM iamging method and diagnostic parameters can be well applied to analysis of other tissues.With the development of MPM,MPM has the potential to provide immediate pathologic diagnosis of esophageal squamous cancer and diseases of other tissues in the future.