Research On The Correspondence Of Northern-Song Dynasty

The correspondence of ancient china is a compound type of artistic work.It was not only an necessary application tool,but also literary works which can eliminate ones sadness and depress,show ones character,and help teach the learners and apricate the general mood of society.It always present as the anthers own handwriting as well,which made it valuable as calligraphy work.In a word,the correspondence is treasure of ancient culture.It perfectly unite the aesthetic and practical use,full of emotions.In the past,almost everyone would use letters to touch with each other,talking about their ideals,dreams,feelings,life and everything happened in their daily life,including society,economy,art,and etc.So correspondence is a perfect way to research the culture,academic,ideology and customs of a time.It also of much value to the communication of people of a time.Researchers in the past always pay attention to just the literature attribute or calligraphy nature of the correspondence,not as a integrated art.So we need more energy to spend on the subject to'dig much deeper,and to find out its comprehensive value and impact.The Correspondence of The Song Dynasty was the second peak of the correspondence in the ancient Chinese culture,it has much achievement and innovation,and it complete the concept and nature of the correspondence.It also made great progress in many ways,which made the correspondence develops into a totally new and high state.With the great number of talent writer and the giant number of the beautiful works,we can safely call the communication of The Song Dynasty is the top of the history of the communication.As The Song Dynasty has a long history of more than three hundred years dividing into two parts,The Northern Song Dynasty and The Southern Song Dynasty.Clearly The Northern Song Dynasty has a much more brighter culture environment as to The Southern Song dynasty,and it contribute and leads the developing of The Southern Song Dynasty in many ways including the correspondence too.Therefore we finally choose the correspondence of The Northern Song Dynasty as our main subject.We had The paper divided into six parts,the main points of eath chapter is as follows:The first part is The Introduction Part,which introduce the reason of the topic selection,the scope and main target of research and the status of the research nowadays.So we can be certain about what we can and should do to complete and push forward the research work.Then follows The Chapter One which tracking the source and development of correspondence and the analysis of the names of itself.In this chapter we cleared the concept of the correspondence of The Northern Song Dynasty,and define the main nature and use of it in this time.The Chapter Two talks about how the correspondence as a tool step into the literature field.And the development of its literature features and its guiding ideology which leading it get near to the orthodox literature and help spreading and collecting of the text of correspondence of the time.The Chapter Three is about the relationships and interactive movements between the correspondence and the calligraphy of The Northern-Song Dynasty.As an official template,the Model of calligraphy for practice was a main and authority textbook about calligraphy in The Song Dynasty.With ninety percent of which was constitute by correspondence texts,is a wonderful sample for research the relationship between the two art forms.But not all the correspondence could be selected into the model of calligraphy for practice.Those written in paper called Tie was also cherished and collected by calligraphy lovers,they also can reveal how the calligraphy development effect the correspondence and the correspondence itself benefit from the interactive of the complex cultural background.The Forth Chapter studies the influence of the conflict between Parties of northern song dynasty with the correspondence of its time.As the most influential and biggest political event,the dispute of Parties in The Northern Song Dynasty has much influence with the life and thought of literati who was the main and most important author of the correspondence of the time.So the relationship of the two reviews the state of mind,philosophy of life and life course of the scholar-bureaucrat in the period.The Chapter Five researches the ideological level of the correspondence of The Northern-Song Dynasty.The most special and important development of the correspondence of this time is that it come into public field of vision intentionally.This explains how the literature nature and art value happens and be paid attention to in the correspondence.To meet this target,the correspondence began to undertake the task of normal formal literary form like poem and ancient prose,to write with a main idea and with useful things,to write for the people and nation,and for hand down from generation to generation with the name of its author.This greatly increased the status of correspondence in the society not only in literature area,but also in the culture,and it was the greatest contribute be made to the correspondence of history by people of The Northern Song Dynasty.The Chapter Six studies the artistry trait of the correspondence of this time.Including its turning into an essay,using much more spoken language and Turing more concise and simple.With a fixed type as short and forceful be formed,the correspondence of The Northern Song Dynasty with no doubt inspire and impact The Late Ming essay.The last Chapter is a conclusion of all above chapters.Through all the research we can see how prosperous the culture of The Northern-Song Dynasty and how correspondence of this time participate in and contribute to the whole culture.The correspondence of this time was indeed a treasure of its time,its values much more than a trivial branch of article or a small embranchment of ancient calligraphy,its actually a mature and systemic art form which took deep root in the traditional culture.All in all,the correspondence of The Northern Song Dynasty had achieved an achievement beyond ages,which made it the peak of the history of the development of the correspondence in ancient times.We cannot treat it as a sheer literary form of the time,or a calligraphy materials for the fine specimen of calligraphy and a handwriting text.The correspondence closely connected with the ideology,culture,art and the ceremonial system of the time,which made it became a mature and compound cultural paradigm.As a tressure of The Song Dynasty,The correspondence of The Northern Song Dynasty is also the essence of the ancient literature and culture.To throughly discuss the correspondence of the time,we use two special examples.Firstly,The Home letter,which is a special and classic part of the correspondence.As notes to the closest person,it was the closest way to the secret life and true thoughts of the literati of the time,so we use it as an example to discuss the specific details of the correspondence of the age.We can see the true idea about life and career and the world of a writer which they never put out to people they are don,t know well.As the prosperous of the correspondence,the short comments behind it thriving too,this kind of comments is of much value too.For as comments of the correspondence of the time,the writer was reader at the same time.So these comments can show us the real ideals about the purpose,application and theoretical direction of their letter writing.These comments added the background,cause,process,follow.up stories and even the social context or the life of the author and the recipient.In a word,its of great value for us to explore the time and people behind the correspondence itself.It also heIp a Iot for us to fully understand the connotation and extension of the correspondence as a literature version.So we use it as another individual case.Furthermore,As a supplement to the chapters upwards,we added four more sections.The Textual Research Of The Ba-hang Letter helps us to go deep into the change of the concept of the correspondence in the long history period.Explains the reason why correspondence in history has so many alternative names and these names has their ups and downs.The Study Of The Rationality Of The Theory Of Judging The Calligraphy Works By The Status Positions And Moral Quality Of The Author improve and perfect the idea that.the correspondence of the time was a fine example of the combination of the calligraphy and literature,and explains how the the literary concept and the theory of calligraphy interact with each other and how they act in their practical writing in both literature and calligraphy area.The Research On The Attention To Self-image Of Ouyang Xiu and the concept of immortality in mind of people of The Northern Song Dynasty.For people of song dynasty,leading by ouyang xiu,written words was about to be handed down from generations.So every word written down all shall be treat very cautiously,the correspondence of the time is no exception.So they paid dose attention to both the content and of it.This concept can be used as a certain ideological background of how the correspondence flourishing in this time.