Research On The History Of Guiyijun From Cao Family In Dunhuang

The Guiyijun from Cao Family was a local regime during the period of the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty.It played an important role in promoting the communication between Zhongyuan and the west region of China.When the military commander Zhang Chengfeng governed Dunhuang,the Cao Family gradually enhanced their Family's reputation through their marriage in Dunhuang.Cao Yijin,the first Guiyijun military commander from the family,replaced Zhang Chengfeng and founded the regime of the Guiyijun from Cao Family in 1914.There were three conflictions in the early period of the Guiyijun from Cao family.Cao Yijin managed to ease tensive relationship with the Ganzhou Uighur through marriage with a Ganzhou Uighur princess.Then Cao Yijin waged wars towards the Ganzhou Uighur and got rid of the constractions on the Ganzhou Uighur.Cao Yinjin supported Cao Yuande to inherit the throne of the Guiyijun,and suppressed the power of the Uighur princess and her sons.Through the efforts of Cao Yijin,the Guiyijun stabilized the political situation in and outside Dunhuang and laid the political foundation of Dunhuang to stand in the silk-road.In the period of Cao Yuande and Cao Yuanshen,the power of the Ganzhou Uighur inside the regime of Guiyijun was diminished.After the transition period of Cao Yuande and Cao Yuanshen,the situation of Guiyijun became stabilized.During the period of the military commander of Cao Yuanzhong,the Guiyijun step onto the sustainable stage.The power of the Zhai Family and Murong Family in Dunhuang rised,and the influences of Chinese Families gradually declined.From then on,the internal contadictions of the early period of Guiyijun from Cao famil was solved.After the death of Murong Guiying,Cao Yuanzhong and Cao Yangong was successivefully in charge of the prefectural governor of Guazhou,thereafter the core status of the Cao Family became consolidated.From the period of Cao Yuanzhong,the Guiyijun from Cao Family gradually lose the passionate to expand outside.During the petiod of the military commander Cao Yangong and Cao Yanlu,the situation of Guiyijun stayed stable,but the internal contradiction of Guazhou and Shazhou in Dunhuang started to emerge.The conflict between Cao Yangong and Cao Yuanzhong,together with Cao Yuanzhong's son named Cao Yanlu,is also the principal contradiction of Guazhou and Shazhou.In the mid and late Gui Yijun period,the force of Shazhou nomads(Shazhou Uighur)rised,the Guiyijun allied with Shazhou nomad regarding to the foreign affairs.In the period of Cao Yanlu,his mother from Zhai clan and Khotanese princess were called Guotai lady and Guotai princess respectively,and his wife Khotanese princess was called Guomu lady.Cao Zongshou staged a military coup by utilizing the internal contradiction between Guazhou and Shazhou and the outside contradiction between the Guiyijun and Shazhou Uighur.Cao Yanlu was ousted by the military coup.During the period of Cao Zongshou and Cao Xianshun,the Guiyijun from Cao Family faced an increasing crisis.Accompany with the rise of the Shazhou Uighur,the Guiyijun from Cao Family presented a tendency of Uighuring.In the year of 1030,Cao Xianshun was killed by Shazhou Uighur.And Cao Xianhui,the King of Guazhou,escaped to the Xixia Kingdom.The Guiyijun from Cao Family disappeared ever since.