Origination Of The Uighur Version Xin T(?)zin Uq(?)ttaè(?) Nom Bitig From Dunhuang

The uygur sutra manuscript Xin Tozin Uqittaczi Nom Bitig which was discovered in Tunhuang,containing 405 lines.According to the writing characteristics of this document,especially the place where the authors’ translating was in the temple of the Dahuguorenwang,Yuan dynasty’s royal temple,located on the bank of Gaoliang river,near the capital city of Yuan Dadu.Therefore,there is no doubt that this manuscript can be confirmed as the relics of the Yuan dynasty’s.Maybe,it was introduced to Tunhuang when the Mongolian royal family dominated this place,in the late of the Yuan dynasty.Chinese characters are included in the original manuscript,but there is no corresponding copy in the Chinese text of the Taisho-pitaka.Thus,the academics hold different agreement about the sources.The Uighour buddhist thoughts are not recorded in the historical books.With the discovery of the Uygur sutra manuscript Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig,different opinions are held by scholars.On one hand,some believe that it is a translation manuscript of Sanskrit or Chinese.On the other hand,on account of the original have not been found,some scholars believe that it is the original.The source of them have puzzled academic circles in the world for a long time.This manuscript have a close relationship to the early Zen manuscript discoved in Tunhuang,Such as The Guan Xin Lun、The Xiu Xin Yao Lun、Suramgama sutra、The Leng Qie Shi Zi Ji and so on.Furthermore,many Chinese sutra have a deep influence on the Zen literature,especially The Yuan Jue Jing、Suramgama sutra and the Mahavaipulya Buddhavatamsaka Sutra.Some manuscript are inextricably linked to the Zong jinglu,which was written by one of the six ancestors of Zen buddhism,Yongmingyanshou,Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.A mass of the Uygur sutra manuscript Xin Tozin Uqittact Nom Bitig can be found in the above-mentioned Zen literature,some of which are directly taken from the Chinese manuscripts,and some of them are interpreted according to their own thoughts.Therefore,from the perspective of literature,its main thought comes from Zen,and it is a widespread Zen manuscript.Previously,large amount of Chinese and other countries scholars research about the source of this manuscripts relied on the Taisho-pitaka.But most of the early Zen manuscript had been lost and not included in the Taisho-pitaka.So it is always difficult to find the source of it.Nowadays,most of the early Zen manuscripts have been found,people do many researchs on the basis of these rich historical materials.The principle issue of the Uygur sutra manuscript Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig gradually ccmes to light.Athough the academics always call it Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig,but it was not belong to the "Jing" department,it should be "Lun" department,exactly the "xin xing jing shu".Because its name has been used normally for the academics,so we can still call it " Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig ".In addition,there are many references in the Uighur Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig to the contents of The Yuan Jue Jing,Suramgama sutra and the Mahavaipulya Buddhavatamsaka Sutra.But at the same time,it is interesting that all the contents of the three classics can be compared in the Chan classics Zong Jing Lu.In the Uighur Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig has no directly written in the Zong Jing Lu’ saying,nor has it found the Uighur version of the Zong Jing Lu.But from the contents of the Uighur Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig,The Yuan Jue Jing,Suramgama sutra and the Mahavaipulya Buddhavatamsaka Sutra,the three classics can find the original sentence from the Chan lamp history Zong Jing Lu.In particular,the Sutra of the Suramgama sutra,so far,there is no discovery of the Suramgama sutra in the Uighur text.Some scholars believe that the Suramgama sutra has been circulated in the ancient Uighur,but it lacks physical evidence.The only proof is the part of the Surangama sutra quoted in the Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig.Therefore,some scholars believe that it has circulated among the Uighur.The content of the Suramgama sutra in the Uighur Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig has two Possible sources:first,directly from the Suramgama sutra,and the second,from the Zong Jing Lu.From the reference point of view,it seems more likely from the Zong Jing Lu.Therefore,the Uighur Xin Tozin Uqittaci Nom Bitig is a scripture witten according to the Chan Buddhist,based on their own understanding,and the genre is quatrain.Judging from the style,which is the only original work of the Chan Buddhism in the Uygur history.