The Study Of Han Buddha Sculpture Artistic Style

The thesis is based on empirical study of existing literature,image data.By apply style theory,image method,aesthetic in art history methodology,combining the Buddhism principles and comprehensive analysis on the background of Buddha sculpture art.The author tries to sum up the style figure of Buddha sculpture art in emerging,transmission,development,and evolution,and the reason for such style.The thesis mainly is divided into six parts:The first part,mainly discusses the origin of the Buddha sculpture art.At the beginning of Buddhism,there have expressly forbidden "Buddha should not be made",the Buddha just substitute Bodhi Tree,Falun,Footprint for his image.After the Buddha nirvana,for the Buddhism development,more and more towards to mythical faith.At this time,for the rise of Mahayana Buddhism and spreading of the idea,the Greece Statue of the "God is Human" culture inroads into North India,the ruler pagan policy to Buddhism,buddhists have strongly desire on the image of Buddha,the image of Buddha break taboo and emerging on finally.At the same time,from the view of Theory of Sculpture Culture,why Buddha image first appears in sculpture art form?And analyzed and summarized style of Buddha sculpture art that influence on the Han Buddha sculpture in the ancient Indian.The second part,in view of the complexity of Buddha sculpture style in the Western Regions,not apply conventional method for analysis,and make generalizations according to southern and northern region in the ancient Silk Road.In view of the typical representative of Buddha sculpture art style in khotan,Shanshan,Qiuci,Shule,and the reasons are analyzed,focusing on the eastern and western art communication in the Western Regions of Han period,along with Buddhism eastward,the Buddha sculpture art of Gandhara,Gupta also development in the Western Regions,and combine with the local native culture and westward Han culture,formed the different Buddha sculpture style of in the Western Regions.The third part,on the basis of image analysis,through related analysis and research of early Buddha sculpture style,strive to clarify fuzzy of early Buddha sculpture style.The begging of Buddhism was introduced into the China,is often rely on the chinese native culture and theory,in order to established itself in Central Plains.So,one kind of the Buddha sculpture is mixed with chinese fairies image,like Kongwangshan Cliffside Images and WuDouMi region's statues;Another kind is influenced by Chinese traditional funeral concept,many Buddha sculptures are appeared on the burial buildings,or combined with funeral object.It generally shown that rely on chinese native fairies' thought and early Taoism,embodies the "Huang Lao FuTu","FuTuLaoZi" two characteristics stages.And formed three representative figure of Buddha sculpture style in HeXi region,like JinTa temple,Mogao Grottoes,BinLin temple.The fourth part,Han Buddhism sculpture art have all-round development in the Wei,Jin,the Northern and Southern dynasties.Buddha sculpture get rid of the attachment of the fairy magic finally,by intersection of chinese cultures,has become a relatively independent form of buddhist art.On the one hand,Buddha sculpture is absorb and fuse Gandhara,Mathura Buddha sculpture stlyle.On the another hand,combined with local ethnic aesthetic,and shows its bold,unsophisticated artistic style.Because of the division of political and differences of regional culture,which produced many kinds of different style:Han and Wei style in HouQin,regional ethnic characteristics of the Northern Wei,Empire style of Yungang Grottos,the mode of LiangZhou in Mogao Grottoes,Scholar-bureaucrat style of Southern Dynasties and so on.The fifth part,Sui Tang dynasties is the golden age of Buddha sculpture,Buddha sculpture art creation in the history of the peak state.Due to the unprecedented political unification,powerful national,has brought the cultural heyday,Buddha sculpture art no longer do the same in foreign mode and technique in Sui Tang dynasties,but towards to personalization,ideal and reality.Among them,the Sui dynasty due to the split over the long-term division,and political highly unified,the figure of Buddha sculpture has started made a huge grottos and Large Buddha,Buddha sculpture style also gradually from variety to merge.In the Tang dynasty,on the basis of Sui dynasty,many kinds of style were emerging,like bold style in early Tang Dynasty,secularization tendency in glorious Tang Dynasty,Buddha sculpture feminine in Wu Zetian period.Han Buddha sculpture were mature and formed a typical artistic characteristics of Han culture and aesthetic sense.The sixth part,from the Late Tang Dynasty,as the feudal dynasty's political and economic turning tide,Han Buddha sculpture art also began to decline.Although there are many wonderful Buddha sculpture,spiritual and idealistic of Buddha sculpture has weakened,the composition of the secular is increasing,the Buddha sculpture art with strong secular aesthetic characteristics said goodbye to the Sui Tang dynasties,stepped into the developing course of secularization.The thesis sum up dull style of Buddha sculpture in Five Dynasties,secularization in the North and South Song dynasties,Buddha sculpture of Ming-Qing dynasty is vulgar,and made thorough analysis on the causes of style.