The Relationgship Between The Important Categories Of Chinese Classical Landscape Painting Theory And The Idea Of Taoism

Chinese ancient landscape painting is related with Idea of Taoism closely.The theory about landscape painting can be divided into five important categories,which of them are form and spirit,easy quality,lightness beauty,brushwork,artistic conception,and the five categories generalize the development history of landscape painting theory and their characteristics highly.At the same time,they are connected with the ideological system of Taoism,which of them includes universal ontology,epistemology,and the theory of live.Meanwhile,many works practice of landscape painting also relate with Idea of Taoism.This paper aims to explore the inner relation between the histories,theory,works practice of landscape painting and the Idea of Taoism.In a word,this paper will conduct the research from five chapters.The first chapter mainly discusses the relations between the viewpoint of form and spirit and Idea of Taoism.Form and spirit is the aesthetic category generating firstly in the histories of Chinese ancient painting theory,it rooted in the figure painting firstly,and then entered into landscape painting.It concentratedly applies in the period from Wei and Jin to Tang and Wu dynasty.The "spirit" and "Tao" in Zongbing's Preface of painting landscape and the aesthetic thinking of "Tuzhen" and“natural way”in Jinghao's Bifaji,both of them are representative of the relation between the viewpoint of form and spirit and Idea of Taoism.The“spirit”and "Tao",including“Tiandao”and "Rendao" in Licheng and Guoxi(both of them are the famous landscape painting in Northen Song dynasty)'s works practice shows the relations.The second chapter mainly discusses the relations between the viewpoint of easy quality and Idea of Taoism.Easy quality is the most important standards on evaluating in the history of Chinese landscape painting,it formed in the Song and Tang dynasty,until Yuan Dynasty,its development reached to the peak.From the definition of connotation in Huanxiufu's Record of the renowned paintings in Yizhou,we can generalize five aesthetic characteristics,that is vivid presentation,irrespective common regularity,following the natural spirit,perusing brevity style,admiring distance,and these characteristics connect with the viewpoint of form and spirit,free and unfettered,the brevity spirit of Taoism,as well as Zhuanzi's free and easy spirit.As the most representative easy quality painter,Nizang and his characteristic and works style can be found the influence by Idea of Taoism.The third chapter mainly discusses the relations between the lightness beauty and Idea of Taoism.The style of lightness beauty belongs to Southern Zen buddhism school of painting,and it rooted in the thought of natural inactivity of Laozhuan.Wangwei'sinscription of Nen Zen master of sixth progenitor and Dongqichan's dhyana pleasing are the representative works,both of them not only show the style of lightness beauty are influenced by Idea of Taoism,but also show the style have the character of interpenetration of Zen Buddhism and Taoism.As the significant painter,Wangwei Dongyuan,Huanggongwang,Dongqichan,their works reflects the relations.The forth chapter mainly discusses the relations between the spirit of brushwork and Idea of Taoism.The development of brushwork had been experiencing a long process,brushwork displaced the viewpoint of artistic conception,became the major performance characteristic in Ming and Qing.It contains the spirits of Laozhuan,including empty and quietness feeling,simple and unadormed character,mystery meaning,and natural style.As the egoism school representative painter,Shitao's Huyulu,the famous landscape painting theory work contains some major concepts,that are "Yi-hua","Meng-yang","Sheng-huo","Yuan-cheng","Tuo-su","Liao-fa","Bian-hua",all of them are connected with brushworks as well as Idea of Taoism.The two styles of Shitao's works all can be found the influence by Idea of Taoism.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the relations between artistic conceptions and Idea of Taoism.The connotations and theoretical development of artistic conceptions are influenced by Idea of Taoism.There are three kinds of artistic conceptions in the history of landscape paintings,including the style of cold and desolate,fresh and elegant,desolate and representative,and the painters Fankuan,Huanggongwang,Wuzhen,Licheng,Guantong,some part of their works are all influenced by Idea of Taoism.