Awaken "conscience" In "desire"

Many scholars are used to bringing the association betweeen philosophical thought of Luo Hongxian and that of Wang Shouren into the study on Luo Hongxian.Actually,it is not more urgent and necessary than studying Luo Hongxian' s philosophical thought independently.How can Luo Hongxian's philosophy reflect itself?In other words,what problems involved in Luo Hongxian's philosophy can be solved by itself,or is there central subject in his philosophical thinking?For this question,Lin Yuehui has caught the "thread",and she holds that the central subject of Luo Hongxian's philosophical thought is the problems of desire and how to be without desire.Therefore,this paper will study the philosophical thinking of Luo Hongxian from the perspective of desire,which reveals in his life course how he experienced desire,dealt with it and approach the moral life in the process." Desire" has been identified as the area of research,which directly implies that the first method of research is a kind of philosophical question-studied approach.The so-called problem research method is not only the uncovering of problem itself,also contains understanding of question' s dimension of depth,which is question' s history.Therefore,this paper will reveal the history of question with the method of philosophy history.In order to uncover the depth of the question,this paper will expand the breadth and depth of the question through borrowing the western philosophical concepts and ways of discussion,such as the phenomenology and Kant' s philosophy.The purpose is to clarify the ideas and questions of Chinese philosophy meaningfully.Based on the above content,chapters and sections of the paper are arranged as follows:In the first chapter "opening of desire problem",the reason why "desire problem" is the central topic of Luo Hongxian' s philosophy will be elucidated from three aspects of " force of life","confusion of the thought" and "succession of the issue".In the second chapter "the nature of desire and the possible solutions to the problem",the essence and form of desire are revealed in the way of philosophical geschichte,and on this basis possible methods dealing with desire and difficulty in solving desire problem will be clarified.In the third chapter "the specific measures to solve the problem of desire--turning silence and convergence",the following questions will be discussed in sequence:Why would Luo Hongxian choose turning silence and convergence as measures to deal with desire?What is the essence of " turning silence"?How should we understand "meditation" as the specific way of "turning silence"?Why is "Constringency and Holding" proposed?Whether can "turning silence and convergence" achieve the solutions of desire problem?In the fourth chapter"comparative study" the similarities and differences between Luo Hongxian and Wang Ji or Taizhou school are studied mainly based on the significance prompted by the problem of desire.Finally,in "conclusion",the research content and conclusion of this paper and the possibility of follow-up study are briefly summarized.The conclusion of this paper is that Luo Hongxian spent his whole life in exploring the way to get away from desire and step into the kingdom of conscience.The kingdom of conscience is not "heaven" that is higher than the realistic life,but the true life that is chaos and into the world.Desire is the corruption of conscience,variation of innocent life and is a prerequisite for our understanding of true life.Luo Hongxian pursued the ideal moral life in secular life with the character of perseverance,which disclosed a kind of transcendental attitude.This attitude does not seem to cut elegantly off from the rest of the world,but it is like that "Annoyance is Bodhi",so that Luo Hongxian was always entangled in realistic life.This is similar to the advocation of Taizhou school that conscience could only be gained in daily life.However,the Taizhou school seemed to descent to the world with "secret of the conscience","created lives","changed lives" and"counted and profited";in contrast,Luo Hongxian seemed to be some "cynicism" and wished to "converge and hold"the fear of conscience in a state of "turning silence and without desire".One of them reformed drastically life,and made the ethics connected with "the realistic life and the physical and mental foundation of personal emotional desire,interest,happiness";the other very hard accepted and practiced "the call of conscience" in realistic life.Meanwhile,Luo Hongxian and Taizhou School were like the " waves " created by Wang School in the process of making Song-Ming-Neo-Confucianism become a kind of natural human nature theory affirming desire in the period of the late Ming and early Qing,however,both had a kind of tension:Taizhou school accelerated Song-Ming-Neo-Confucianism "collapse",but Luo Hongxian explored the meaningful "treasures" of Song-Ming-Neo-Confucianism which were seemingly like meaningless.Perhaps in view of this,people of insight in the lateMing,such as Gu Xiancheng,Gao Panlong,Liu Zongzhou,Huang Zongxi and others praised strongly Luo Hongxian' s knowledge contribution.