A Study Of Marx's Thoughts On The Relationship Between Individual And Community

The relationship between individual and community plays an important role in Marx's philosophy.Overcoming the contradiction between individual and community is the major theme of Marx's philosophy.This problem has always existed and continued in the history of philosophy,but it has always been in the dilemma of research.On the basis of the research on the predecessors' thought,Marx inherited,extended and deepened the exploration of this question.He aimed to seek the dialectical reconciliation between individual and community.Marx's study on the relationship between individual and community is deeply concerned with his profound thinking on human beings' destiny and the development of society.It contains Marx's concern for the ultimate value of human beings.This is Marx's reflection,criticism and transcendence on the realistic contradiction of modern society,and provides the ideological method and the prerequisite reflection for the solution of the contemporary realistic problems.The major contradiction of modern society is the division between individual and community.It's a problem arising from the transition from the traditional society to the modern society.There is no real individual in the traditional community,and the individual has been not yet independent from the community.The relationship between individual and community is the direct and unified relationship established by blood relationship,either or the dissolution of individuality by the commonality of the city-states.In a word,the relationship between individual and community in the traditional society is the attachment of people to the community.Entering the modern society,individuals are independent from the community.The individual and the community are antagonistic to each other.The important ideological task of Marx's philosophy is to seek the dialectical reconciliation between the individual and the community.The contradiction between individual and community is an important subject in the history of modern thought.In view of the contradiction between individual and community,modern thinkers have made corresponding solutions in their own theoretical field.Hegel was the first philosopher to question individual subjectivity.Marx formed his own understanding of the relationship between individual and community on the basis of sublation of Hegel's philosophical thought.The individuality of the modern society and the unity of the community are divided.Overcoming the contradiction between individual and community in modern society is a major theme of Marx's philosophy.Marx cut into this question in his criticism of capitalism.Through the analysis of the relationship between individual and community in civil society under the condition of political emancipation,and the criticism of the capitalist country which is the modern form of the virtual community,and the criticism of capital logic which is the realistic basis of "accidental individual" and community division,Marx gradually explored the root of the contradiction between individual and community in modern society.He aimed to overcome the contradiction between individual and community and to achieve the dialectical unity of them.Marx's theory of individual and community relations is centered on Marx's understanding of human beings.He understood the dialectical relationship between individual and community in the essence of human social relations and embed the issue of individual and community relations into the historical development of human beings.Finally,in the Freemen's Union,Marx's communist ideology has surpassed the contradiction between the individual and the community.In the theoretical source of German classical philosophy,British classical political economy and utopian socialism,Marx investigated and studied the relationship between individual and community.By revealing their limitations on the theoretical premise of the relationship between them,he has formed his own understanding of this problem.Kant,Hegel and Feuerbach did not examine the relationship between individual and community on the basis of real material relations.They completed the unity of individual and community in the fields of morality,spirit and consciousness.In Marx's view,the unity was abstract.Adam Smith and David Ricardo,on the personal side of the bourgeoisie,expounded on the relationship between the individual and the community in the material interest.On the basis of the existing capitalist material relations,Fourier,Owen and Saint-Simon tried to solve the contradiction between the individual and the community with non-practical,non-revolutionary improvement measures.They tried to replace the historical conditions of liberation with the conditions of fantasy.Marx made a premise criticism of their thoughts on the relationship between individual and community.He pointed out that only through changing the capitalist mode of production and eliminating capitalist private ownership by individuals' practical activities can we resolve the contradiction between individual and community.Marx's thoughts on the relationship between individual and community have extremely important contemporary value and significance.Liberalism and communalism are two ways to solve the contradiction between individual and community.Liberalism emphasizes individual freedom,and communalism highlights the priority of the community.The drawback of both is that the solution of the conflict between individual and community appeals to one side to dominate the other.Marx emphasized the dialectical relationship between individual and community and realized his double transcendence of liberalism and communalism.This has profound implications for resolving contemporary individual and community contradictions.In the practical problems of contemporary society,the relationship between individual and others and the relationship between individuals and nature is the concrete expansion and realistic performance of the relationship between individual and community.The "objectiveness" logic and "identity" and "generalization" tendency of individual subjectivity in modern society lead to the frequent occurrence of moral anomie and cause natural problems and environmental crisis.We take the rational form as the entry point to analyze and criticize these realistic problems that have occurred in modern society.On the basis of Marx's thought core of the relationship between individual and community,we try to break down the entity thinking with the relational rationality,to provide the prerequisite reflection for the construction of the social moral civilization and the ecological civilization,and to provide the philosophical thinking for the real life.