Research On Young Marx's Concept Of "individual"

This paper takes young Marx's concept of "individual" as the research object,and combines different historical types of social development to discuss the survival state of human individuals and the relationship between individuals and classes.Based on the "individual" in reality,Marx constructed the philosophical theory of scientific historical materialism.Marx's individual concept contains two aspects:one is the independent individual "starting from himself";The second is the real individual who is combined in the social division of labor and cooperation.Marx's concept of society is based on the historical development of human individuals,and based on three different social forms,he elaborated three different individual living states.The concept of the modern individual is the product of the capitalist society.As a philosopher mainly living in the capitalist system,Marx inevitably came into contact with the concept of the modern individual.By constantly reconsidering and criticizing the abstract individual view of speculative philosophers,Marx gradually got rid of speculative metaphysics and began to talk about the problems of human beings in a concrete and historical way,and the survival state of human individuals in a concrete context of social forms.Therefore,the individual concept of Marx changed with the change of his world outlook and methodology,which was completed in The German Ideology,the symbolic text formed by the materialist historical view,namely "the real man".Marx's concept of "individual" has experienced three periods and change twice:the first is Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature period,the dissertation is based on Powell's "ego" and the concept of "free" to write,Marx's view of the world at this time is still in the period of idealism,connotation of the concept of individual or Powell type "free man".The second period is Feuerbach's "realistic person/natural person" stage.After coming into contact with Feuerbach's philosophy,Marx began to realize the idealist defects in his philosophy and began to turn to general materialism.This is the first big shift in Marx's thinking.The third period is Theses on Feuerbach and The German Ideology is the historical materialism formation period,Marx to Moses Hess and classical economics for mediation to the reflection and critique Feuerbach's philosophy.Marx took Moses Hess and classical economics as the intermediary to reflect and criticize Feuerbach's philosophy.By Max Stirnerr about anthropological criticism and criticism of Feuerbach,Marx took the way differentthought,he didn't like Max Stirner's concept of "individual" into the dead end of extreme egoism,also it is the different thinking way that Marx has transformed itself from a general materialism into the historical materialism.Marx's view of scientific "individual" was established.The development history of human society is the history of the liberation of human individuals from slavery and domination.In the pre-capitalist stage,the main forces that enslaved and ruled the individual were nature and god;In the capitalist society,the products of human hands replace the products of human brains to become new slave forces,and secular forces(science and technology,money/capital,modern state,etc.)become the main social forces governing individuals.How the individual can get rid of the new form of slavery is a question that we need to think deeply about.As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,the principal contradiction in Chinese society has also changed.The rapid development of the market economy has brought about a considerable number of social problems,such as exquisite egoism.It is an important task for the practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era to stimulate the individual's sense of independence,develop the rational needs of the individual,construct the harmonious relationship between the individual and the society,and improve the moral realm of the individual's existence.Marx's "individual" view provides a strong theoretical support for us to think about and solve the above problems.