Evolution Of Literary Narrative Concerning Theme On The Anti-Japanese War Since Yan'an Period

Interaction of literature and history is a common phenomenon,which has formed the cross-concept of "the concept on reality",and has also established inter-textual internal connection.There is always distinctive brand shaped under specific contexts such as historical background,ideology,social trends,ethical ideas,etc for literature in different historical periods.Historical truth is reflected by literary reality,to which,the literary reality arrives is its physical fact.Literary reality tries to discover truth of historical events and secret of human heart by highly integrating the subjective and objective,the biggest significance of which to modern people lies in the reference for acting.Concurrently with forms of literature and history,historical novels have endowed historical form with the fiction form,having multiple features of history,literature and ideology.Therefore,there are much complicated characteristics for historical novels,among which,ideology is an extremely significant ontological feature for historical novels.Either as internal stylistic feature of the texts of historicalnovels,or as their external influencing factor,ideology is an indispensable component for historical novels.The influences of ideology on novels are mainly reflected in four aspects:First,its influence on ontology of the novel;concrete contents of ideology always become the fundamental aim for narrative of the novel.Secondly,its influence on the acceptability of the novel,that's,the kinds of the readers are in accordance with the acceptability of the production.Next is the influence on world outlook and values,and even ideological transformation of the writers.Finally,its influence on novel and other literary forms,a new type of literary aesthetic ideology will be formed together.In modern and contemporary literature,there are mainly two widely different styles and features for historical narrative concerning the Anti-Japanese War.One type is revolutionary historical novels,and the other type is new historical novels,reflecting the influence of different ideology on writing pattern of the novel of two eras.This article has conducted interdisciplinary research based on getting through the limit between literary and historical subjects.Taking theme of the Anti-Japanese War(history of the Anti-Japanese War)as the main line,and the story mode and historical construction of revolutionary historical and new historical novels as reference,investigation and analysis has been carried out in a multi-angle and multi-level way by placing particular emphasis on external aspects such as words-forming process of the novel,writing resource orientation of writers and influence on change of time,and on the internal aspect of the inter-textual relations between history concept cognition and novel narration&historical truth.Moreover,complex relevance among historical truth hiding behind the text of the novel,literature expression and ideological implications has been interpreted.There are both synchronous "resonance" of history on literature,and representation practice of literature on ideology.By taking the combination way of analysis on specific literary works with interpretation of cultural theory and carrying out all-dimensional comparisons on revolution historical novels and new historical novels in this article,deconstruction and evolution of new historical novels to revolutionary historical novels is revealed in a comparative perspective;important pioneering significance of new historical novels to revolutionary historical novels is demonstrated;and then the transformation significance of age is to be set forth from narrative contents and expression technique of new historical novels.Solution has been given in this article for the equilibrium relationship between literary narration and ideology,i.e.,both to keep certain distance and to conduct equal dialogue and communication.Revolutionary historical novels refer to the novel works created after Speech at the Forum of Art and Literature in Yan'an in 1942 and taking the historical phase from 1921(the founding of CPC)to 1949(the foundation of the People' s Republic of China)as the theme.Under the spiritual guide of Speech at the Forum of Art and Literature in Yan'an,writers of revolutionary historical novels made their works with strong inspirational power through description of specific historical scenes,avocation of revolutionary spirit and idealism,and affirmation of the correctness of revolutionary history and inevitability of its development path.Idea of history expressed in the works was to lay emphasis on the instrumental function of literature,to consider literature as ways and approaches to achieve specific purposes,and undertake the important mission of literature' s service for politics.Not only was it the great achievement showing the "historical subject" of workers;peasants and soldiers,but also it deepened the narrative motivation on levels,which is to prove the rationality and legality of a revolutionary regime and its ideology trough narration on history.Taking the revolutionary history view of Marxism localization as theoretical foundation,the creative idea of Revolution First and characterization principle of heroism were demonstrated in revolutionary historical novels.Class struggles and revolutionary resistance of "binary opposition" reappeared in the works.Besides,the hero-creating mode of“Revolution Saint" was shaped,taking a clear-cut stand to show the love and hate of the class sentiment.Moreover,the evolution idea of"inevitability" and essential narration of history of "Revolution First" were reflected.Since revolutionary historical novels under the discipline of ideology influenced establishment of the subject consciousness of writers,they always made description on history by“acting in a Procrustean way",sacrificed the authenticity and richness of history,and had numerous limitations on thoughts and artistic characters.Since the mid-and-late 1980s,China is in a period of deep transformation of reform and development,and huge changes have taken place to ideology and cultural climate.As an important school filled with revolution color emerging in Chinese Literature during the period,the new historical novels has no longer been abided by the standard for political ideology,is equipped with historic enlightenment spirit and artistic narration mode,and has declared a kind of adjustment of diversified view of history.Appearance of new historical novels is deeply influenced by theory and works of Western Modernism Literature,which was also affected by external market-oriented environment."Newness" of comprehension the perspective of history is expressed as follows:deconstruction of unitary and concern about survival,and dismantling of the perspective of revolutionary history;to deconstruct unified and integral history with the historical form of complex line,and replace voice of mainstream ideology with that of individuals.Besides,discourse space of "human"itself is established through paying attention on surviving experience of individuals."Changes" of writing techniques of new revolutionary novels are shown as follows:First,changes of new historical novels on historical cognitive concept from concern about inevitability and legality of history to attention to tridimensional character and contingency of history;Secondly,New historical novels have broken through shackles of grandiose narration,deconstructed historical nobility and hero idea,and have established the folk discourse and narration standpoint;Thirdly,New historical novels have restored historical narration with fictional and non-historical writing to express concern about human survival condition;Finally,New historical novels have broken through hero image building of previous“Revolution Saint",also made a breakthrough at the theme exclusion zone in History of the Party,and have excavated reality of the other side.Nevertheless,there are problems such as "contemporary absence" and arbitrary arrangement existent in new historical novels.Besides,new historical novels have established certain isomorphic relations with marketization power.Numerous profound introspections relevant to the 1980s have been implied in new historical novels,reflecting evolution of thinking thread of cultural circles in this period in spirit and art.Moreover,new historical novels have exploited and liberated view of history and creativity of writers since the new period,having irreplaceable pioneering significance of history of literature.Impact and evolution of new historical novels on revolutionary historical novels are shown as follows:First,Impact and evolution aspect is reflected in description from revolutionary struggles to individual survival;Secondly,in the field of narrative transformation,it is embodied in solemn narration of“macro-history" to arbitrary adaptation of“micro-history”;Thirdly,in the aspect of transformation of the perspective of history,it is demonstrated in unitary to pluralism of history;Finally,in functional transformation aspect,it is reflected in conversion from enlightening function of "conveying truth with writing"to allegorical function of "utilization of literary means to express the profound meaning",to describe hidden marginal cultures and human desire,and thus have vigorously eliminated mainstream ideology and discipline of political discourses,and formed a strong contrast significance.As for complicated relevance between literature and history&ideology,the point of the article is that literature and history have their relatively independent law of development,the best choice of which is to keep a certain distance from political ideology.Due to too close distance with ideology from the 1940s to the Cultural Revolution period,literature became dependency of ideology,and thus was controlled and restrained in the processes of production and transmission.Regulation of ideology on literature was loosened to some extent in the 1980s,and the multicultural pattern was gradually established,so that,the writers could write with relative freedom.New historical novels bear a sort of special responsibility for history,and have conscientiously resisted historical narrative formalization of political ideology.However,owing to too far distance from ideology,new historical novels pay little attention to current social life,losing the strength to get involved in life.Not only shall new historical novels keep necessary distance from political ideology,but also it shall carry out equal dialogue and communication with ideology,clear away one or the other barriers of normal form,and spare no efforts to bring aesthetic promotion to idea of age.