Research On The Cultural Identity Of Nation-states From The Perspective Of Globalization

Globalization is a significant feature and an overall trend of social development of human being.Under the conditions of globalization,the influence of cultural identity on national governance has become increasingly prominent.Firstly,cultural identity is a key factor in the governance of a country for the reason that it is not only an important method but also an important goal to realize the modernization of national governance system and governance capability of the country.After all,one of the highest targets of national governance is to achieve the cultural identity.Secondly,cultural identity also constructs the legal basis for the existence of the state,and is an important embodiment of the country's "soft power",which is an important way to resist the invasion of cultural hegemony and safeguard the national cultural security.Hence,in the process of advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,to achieve “the people have faith,the country has strength,and the nation has hope”,we must work hard to promote cultural identity.To enhance cultural identity,it is necessary to integrate the age and international factors of globalization.As the unification of economic and political processes,globalization has brought us material wealth.At the same time,it has also caused the excessive concentration of wealth,the widening of the gap between the rich and the poor and the consequences of the marginalization of some countries and regions.Globalization has integrated the world and created divisions;It has not only promoted cooperation but also caused conflict;It has not only produced identity but also showed particularity and it has solved both existing problems and new development difficulties.It is precisely because of the existence of this "paradox of globalization" that it attracts worldwide attention.Nowadays,there have been many theories about globalization in the international academic community,such as the Marxist theory of globalization;the Neo-liberal theory of globalization;the new "leftists" theory of contemporary Western globalism.And different schools have different understandings of the concept of globalization,the dynamics of globalization,the development stage of globalization,the development trend of globalization,and so on.Each faction presents and follows its own style.For example,the Marxist theory pays more attention to the role of productivity while the school of Neo-liberal emphasizes the weakening of the role of globalization in national sovereignty and the school of newleftists have a soft spot for the “dependency theory”.The deep development of globalization has brought many positive influences to mankind.For example,globalization is conducive to the intercommunication of human culture,which is conducive to the further development of cultural integration,and thus the possibility of global cultural identity.But at the same time,globalization has increasingly more and huge challenges to national culture identity and the problem of cultural identity faced by modern nation-states in the era of globalization has become increasingly prominent.First of all,the process of globalization is accompanied by the process of capitalist expansion.After capitalism has occupied the world market,it has also tried to reshape the world according to its own culture and values.Therefore,globalization has had a tremendous impact on the culture of under developed regions.Worse still,under the impact of the globalization,all countries,both developed and developing,have a "sense of insecurity" for their own culture.Developed countries are concerned that their own culture will lose their national character due to structural changes in their population and they fear that cultural order will be challenged while developing countries are worring about that their own national cultures are threatened by globalization that they have an instinctive and even extreme resistance to globalization.Finally,in the era of globalization,time and space are compressed,and different cultures interweave and collide,which can easily lead to conflicts between cultures.If such conflicts cannot be controlled within certain limits,world peace will be seriously threatened.The recent series of extreme events,in addition to economic,ethnic,and geopolitical factors,also reflect the cultural conflicts to some extent.In the era of globalization,it is a fact that all countries face the challenge of cultural identity,while culture is changing and cultural identity can be shaped.Different countries have taken different measures in responding to the challenges of globalization.Some countries have made remarkable achievements in their measures and have had a positive impact on national cultural identity.However,some countries' efforts have made a mistake,even subversive mistake which has not only brought the serious negative impact to the state governance and cultural identity but also led to a national crisis and even caused the collapse of the country.This was fully demonstrated in the history of the development of the United States,Singapore,and the Soviet Union.The American civic culture education and the shaping ofSingapore's Shared values,etc.,have all reinforced the recognition of the mainstream culture in their respective countries while the “new thinking” of Gorbachev has led to the Soviet Union losing the cultural leadership.Therefore,in the era of globalization,drawing on the successful experience of other countries and drawing lessons from other countries' failures is of great significance for improving China's national governance and cultural identity.From the middle of the 19 th century,China was forced to become involved in the globalization process.It has experienced the complicated and tortuous process of the collapse of traditional cultural identity and the construction of a new national cultural identity.The Westernization School,the Reformists and the revolutionaries have made various attempts and explorations.Moreover,they have introduced a great deal of cultural ideas and produced a variety of cultural identities.Then,after the founding of the People's Republic of China,the socialist mainstream cultural identity was formed through the transformation of the original diversified cultural situation.However,with the spread of "left" errors,the mainstream of socialist cultural identity began to develop towards the extreme direction,which eventually caused confusion in the ideological and cultural circles.Fortunately,there form and opening-up policy has continuously deconstructed and reconstructed the mainstream socialist cultural identity,and it even has formed the current new cultural identity.At present,there are many problems existing in China's cultural identity.For example,the recognition of the country's mainstream culture is not high,the western popular culture has a severe impact on Chinese traditional cultural identity and the Chinese are restrained by the conservative religious thought and narrow national concept,etc.Hence,solving these problems becomes a huge challenge for the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government.To address these problems,firstly we should draw lessons not only from the successful experience but also from the failure.Moreover,by strengthening the national consciousness,we can oppose the narrow sense of ethnic groups and build common values.Eventually,by taking a series of measures,such as strengthen the citizen mainstream culture identity education and strengthening cultural leadership,etc.we will possibly enhance people's sense of identity with Chinese culture and finally realize the cultural identity of promoting a new era with cultural confidence.