Research On Shannan Road In Tang Dynasty

This paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study of Shannandao in tang dynasty by means of chart and induction.The paper consists of eight chapters,The main points are as follows:The first three chapters,It is a systematic analysis of the evolution of administrative division,natural environment,traffic condition,regional situation,population distribution,economic characteristics and regional customs of Shannandao.In order to sum up the basic characteristics of Shannandao in tang dynasty.The author thinks that the administrative division of Shannan region has a clear history since the Qin and Han dynasties.In the Sui dynasty,the system was divided into counties and counties.In the fifth year of emperor Yang Daye(609),the Shannan region was adjusted to more than 20 states.During the unification of the tang dynasty,many new states and counties were set up.Tang taizong eliminated a large number of times,roughly back to the size of the sui dynasty.Since then,there was no drastic change in the tang dynasty.During the reign of emperor Xuanzong of the Tang dynasty,Caifangshi were set up to interview officials,which put an end to the situation of monitoring the place with other officials.Marks the formal formation of the kaiyuan 15 Dao.Shannandongdao and shannanxidao are really separated.Shannan region is located in Jialing river and Han river.The natural environment is very complicated.There were three lines of communication between north and south in ancient China.The Western line from Guanzhong through Hanzhong into shu to the southwest.The Central Line from Guanzhong,Heluo,into Jingxiang,arrived in southern China.The Eastern Line crosses the Huai river from central plains to the lower reaches of the Yangtze river.In the third line,the west line and the middle line pass through the Shannan area,the traffic position is important.There are four lines of communication between Guanzhong and Hanzhong:Chencang ancient road,Baoxie road,Luogu road and Ziwu road,Tang people take Luogu road.Guanzhong to jingxiang,generally Shangshan road.The strategic position of Hanzhong and Jingxiang in Shannan region is the most important and plays an important role in the overall situation.In the early period of Tang dynasty,the population of the states in Shannandao increased year by year,and Tianbao period reached its peak.During the Anshi rebellion,the population loss in shannan area was serious.Yuanhe period,restored to the beginning of tianbao number of households.In the late tang dynasty,the peasant uprising led to another large population loss in shannan region.The agriculture of shannan region of tang dynasty achieved certain development,industrial and commercial distribution is extensive,but overall level is low.The location of Jingzhou region has become an important transportation hub and commercial center.There are three distinctive features of the customs in shannan region:Firstly,there are many nationalities and complicated customs.Second,the folkway is simple,not flashy.Third,good at business and believe in superstition.In the last five chapters of this paper,the influence of the political evolution of shannan region on the overall situation of Tang dynasty is discussed in a deep and comprehensive way.The author thinks that the situation of shannan region in the early Tang dynasty is closely related to the unification of the Tang dynasty.In the last years of the Sui dynasty,Zhucan moved to the Shannan region and established the power of Chanda.and,Xiaoxian also established the Fengming regime in Jiangling,they caused political instability in Shannan.The Tang dynasty pacified the Shannan region,paid attention to the development and management of the Shannan region,and made use of the manpower and material resources of Shanan and Jiannan to conduct unified war,strengthened its own strength,and thus accelerated the process of unifying the whole country.The population of Shannan area in the early Tang dynasty declined sharply.By the time of emperor Xuanzong tianbao of Tang dynasty,the population of Shannanxidao was restored to the level of Sui dynasty,and Dongdao was surpassed by Xidao.In the early Tang dynasty,the development of Jing-xiang area was particularly remarkable,and the population size was much higher than that of other areas,making it the richest place in Shannan area,However,the development of Shannan is slow and the region is unbalanced.During the reign of emperor Xuanzong of Tang dynasty,the military system along the border was established,and the shannan region lost the ability to control the surrounding areas.In the early period of Tang dynasty,officials,princes and patriarchs were demoted to Shannan region with less punishment.For many times,Junzhou and Fangzhou served as the exile places for the emperor's sons,because the geographical location was thousands of miles away from Chang 'an and Luoyang dou,which was very convenient for the emperor to pay attention to their tendency in time.After the an-shi rebellion,the rebels captured Henan and Shannan became the front line.Xuanzong made several adjustments to the Shannan region to build a defense line to prevent the rebels from going south,and looked forward to attacking Henan.After the failure of tongguan,Xuanzong fled to Sichuan and sent Lilin to Jiangling on the way.At the same time,the prince became emperor in lingwu.The Tang dynasty thus formed the imperial emperor Xuanzong who still held the real power,and the imperial emperor Suzong's power was restricted in the binary political pattern.Under this political pattern,conflict was inevitable.The tragedy of the li Lin event is the strongest manifestation of the conflict.During the Qianyuan and Shangyuan years,the military chaos in jingxiang area led to the loss of control in Shannan and Jingnan areas,and the transportation of tax and rent was interrupted for a time.This made the financial situation worse,which not only caused political instability,but also had a profound impact on the whole process of pacification.Liangchongyi occupied Shannandongdao,which was the product of the conflict of the tang dynasty.Liangchongyi image as a rebel has survived,but he has actually kept his distance and maintained his transport links,as well as his relationship with his neighbors.Liangchongyi rebelled and controlled the main traffic routes,which was a great hidden danger to the Tang dynasty.Emperor Dezong pacified Liang chongyi,who could only be handed down as a traitor.During the reign of emperor Daizong,due to the destruction caused by the An-Shi rebellion and the loss of the Longyou region,the military pressure from the Tubo in the northwest increased sharply,and Chang 'an faced a precarious situation.In this situation,in order to restore power,Daizong implemented a prudent policy.After Dezong ascended the throne,he changed the policy since the reign of the Daizong emperor.In this war,the southern war actually decided the outcome.After the dezong dynasty,the tang dynasty completed the renovation of the three major areas in Shannan,replacing the generals with civilian officials,and continuously dismissed troops in Shannan,making Shannan region with little standing army,which was very helpful for the government to control Shannan and promote the development of the region.In the late Tang dynasty,politics became increasingly corrupt and social contradictions became more and more intense.There have also been signs of unrest in the Shannan region,with some small-scale peasant uprisings.Because of the previous Tang dynasty's relatively successful control of the Shannan region,it did not lead to greater unrest.Qianfu three years(876),wang xianzhi,huang chao led the army into Shannan,breaking the stability of Shannan region.The rebels fought for years in the Shannan region.Shannandongdao because Lifu disposal more effective,the damage was not serious.Jingnan has lost a lot.After that,the Tang dynasty gradually lost control of the shannan region,and the Shannan region formed a situation of warlords fighting against each other.Before the collapse of the Tang dynasty,Shannanxidao finally fell to the jurisdiction of Wangjian,and Shannandongdao was incorporated into Zhuwen's sphere of influence.In short,the strategic position of the region where the Shannandaowas located in the tang dynasty is very important,and the evolution of its regional politics plays an important role in the overall development and overall situation of the Tang dynasty.