The Research On Modern Chinese Patient Subject Sentence And Related Problems

The patient subject sentence is not a simple sentence but one of the special sentence patterns in modern Chinese.Moreover,there is closely related between the‘Bei'(?)sentences and‘Ba'(?)sentences.The relationship between the ‘Bei'(?)sentence and the ‘Ba'(?)sentence is one of the special things in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Therefore the modern Chinese patient subject sentence and the related problems have been analysed as the research object.This paper is composed of eight parts.The first chapter mainly explains the relevant content of this paper.It explains the significance of the topic and the object of study.It also introduces the research summary of the related sentence patterns of subject sentences,the structure of this paper and the research materials and methods used.The second chapter discusses about the multidimensional analysis of the subject statement.It mainly includes the distribution of Chinese subject matter components(such as the NP before and after the predicate verb),the composition component,and the predicate component(such as the pre-and post-components of the predicate verb).And also explains the definition of the subject statement and related issues,grammatical status and grammatical characteristics of patient subject sentence.The third chapter is based on the grammatical theory of “three levels”,which analyses and compares the characteristics of the three levels of syntax,semantics and pragmatics of “patient subject sentence” and ‘Bei'(?)sentence.The syntactic plane compares the patient subject sentence with the ‘Bei'(?)sentence.The subject N1,the predicate Vp and N2 of these two sentence patterns are described in terms of their syntactic composition and characteristics.The semantic level compares the subject N1,the predicate Vp and N2 of the patient subject sentence with that of the ‘Bei'(?)sentence,and analyses the semantic roles,semantic features,semantic colors and semantic constraints of each component.It is found that the subject of the patient subject sentence is mostly unanimate,and the subject of the ‘Bei'(?)sentence is mostly unanimate;some of the action less sentences indicate mental expression perception.Mental expression verbs can appear in patient subject sentence,but cannot appear in ‘Bei'(?)sentences.Pragmatic level compares the topic function,discourse expression choice and discourse focus of patient subject sentence and ‘Bei'(?)sentence.It may also analyses the constructional meaning of these two sentences.The fourth chapter analyses and compares the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic features of the two sentence patterns of“patient subject sentence”and‘Ba'(?)sentence.Comparing the subject,predicate and object of patient subject sentence and‘Ba'(?)sentence on the syntactic level,it is found that the subject of patient subject sentence is mostly unanimate,and the subject of‘Ba'(?)sentence is mostly animate;it is not common for the predicate to have an object after the predicate in the two sentence patterns;mental expression verbs such as‘Zhidao'(??)and‘Mingbai'(??)can appear in the subjectpredicate phrase as predicate.The patient subject sentence of the language cannot appear in the‘Ba'(?)sentence.In the semantic level,the semantic roles of the two sentence patterns are compared,and in the patient subject sentence usually does not appear at the beginning of the sentence,nor can it act as the subject of the whole sentence.It is found that it may appears at the front of the sentence and can act as the subject.On the pragmatic level,the information arrangement of the two sentence patterns is analyzed.Most of the information before the predicate in the two sentence patterns is known information,while the predicate part is unknown information.Most patient subject sentences appear in spoken language,and most of the ba sentences appear in written language.The fifth chapter analyses the condition of transforming patient subject sentence into ‘Bei'(?)sentence in modern Chinese and the condition of transforming ‘Ba'(?)sentence into patient subject sentence in modern Chinese.It also analyses and compares the condition of transforming between modern Chinese patient subject sentence and ‘Bei'(?)sentence,and the reason why the two sentence patterns of patient subject sentence and ‘Ba'(?)sentence can be transformed.The sixth chapter analyses the compulsory use of the subject sentence of patient in modern Chinese,discusses the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic conditions,and also discusses the conditions of the occurrence and non-occurrence of the agent.This problem has been found by many predecessors.On this basis,summarize this chapter the various conditions of use.The seventh chapter analyses the comparison between Chinese subject sentences and Burmese related expressions.And then comparing the subject between the two sentences and comparing the predicate Vp and the object.The eight chapter is the conclusion of the paper,and then a full text summarized,also points out the deficiency of the place.