A Study On The Kalkha Immigration Of Alashan Banner And Ejin Banner In The First Half Of The 20th Century

Throughout the first half of the twentieth century,the social and political contradictions in outer Mongolia have intensified,leading to various uprisings and movements.One of main Mongolian tribes-Khalkha immigrants fleeing is one of them.The range of Khalkha immigrants arising from complex international and domestic political backgrounds includes more than 40,000 people from the outer Mongolian borders of the Republic of China.Among them,the number of Khalkha immigrants who migrated to the Alashan and Shuo Teqi and the old Tuerte Banner of the Ejina River was numerous and fairly organized.The history of the escape of Khalkha immigrants who migrated to Alashan Banner and Ejina Banner can be divided into three stages,namely,the first immigration(1911-1924)the second large-scale immigration(1929-1934)and moved back Mongolia and stay in Alashan Banner and Ejina Banner(1937-1949).The majority of these immigrants returned to Outer Mongolia at different times or were recovered by the Mongolian authorities;the other part died due to various diseases such as disease,hunger and war;the remaining part has lived in the territory of Sanqi,Alxa League,Inner Mongolia.The Khalkha immigration escape incident was directly relevant to the major historical events that took place in East Asia and Mongolia at that time.The historical events in the modern history of Mongolia have not been systematically studied at home and abroad.Based on various archival materials,history and historical materials and my oral history data collected through field investigations,this paper clarifies the history of Khalkha immigrants in the first half of the 20 th century in Alashan Banner and Ejina Banner.This paper consists of five parts: introduction,text(Chapter 1,Chapter 2,Chapter 3,Chapter 4),conclusions,references,and appendices.The introduction part mainly introduces the research purpose,research significance,research methods and paper structure.The first chapter clarifies the process,causes and results of the first Khalkha immigration.The second chapter focuses on the oral history of the Khalkha immigrants based on the Mongolian archives and the oral history and related materials of the descendants of the Alashan Khalkha immigrants.Danby insisted on the activities in the Alashan area,the reasons for his murder and the historical events of his repatriation and the escape of some people in the Alashan area and nearby areas.The third chapter mainly describes the process and the scale of the second Khalkha immigration based on the archives of Mongolia and the archives of Alashan and Shuo Teqi.The government of the Republic of China and the Alashan Banner and Ejina Banner accept resettlement immigrants and immigrate to the Alashan region.After the living conditions,the measures took by Outer Mongolia to block the gathering of immigrants.The fourth chapter mainly describes the process of immigrants moving back to Mongolia and the general discussion of the religious and social activities of the Khalkha immigrants who stayed in Alashan Banner and Ejina Banner,and the historical nature of the Khalkha immigrants,trying to adopt human history.The study method explores the history of Khalkha immigration in Alashan Banner and Ejina Banner from the perspectives of tradition and revolution,oral history and archives.The conclusion summarizes the basic content and arguments of the paper.The appendix includes maps,photos,archives and oral history.