Research On Ancient Chinese Protective Equipment From The Perspective Of Long-term Theory

Through the study of ancient Chinese protective equipment,this paper makes a typological analysis for it,clarifies its pattern evolution and combination relationship,and combines Fernand Braudel's long-term theory with archaeological typology to analyze the ancient protective equipment from three perspectives of long,medium and short terms.The historical information reflected by the fittings provides a new direction for the study of ancient protective equipment in China.This paper classifies the ancient Chinese protective equipment by typology,classifies the materials and shapes of the protective equipment in different times and regions,and explores the characteristics and evolution patterns of the times.In the typological division of protective equipment,it is divided into four categories: helmet,armor,shield and horsearmor.Then it is divided into practical protective equipment and non-practical protective equipment according to whether they are actual combat equipment.Then it is divided into leather,copper,iron and other different textures according to thme different materials,and is divided into various types according to their shapes and systems..Through the typological division of protective equipment,this paper clarifies the evolvement relationship and the characteristics of the times of armor,armor,shield and horse armor,and gives full play to the important role of archaeological typology in the classification and categorization of the armor.On the basis of typological classification of ancient Chinese protective equipment,the paper combines Braudel's long-term theory with typology,so that archaeological research is no longer confined to type division and stage research,and combines long-term,middle-term,short-term with typology to analyze the regional distribution characteristics of protective equipment from various angles.The evolution pattern reflects the space-time environment,social background and historical events of ancient Chinese protective equipment.Archaeological typology and long-term analysis emphasize the influence of relatively static factors on social history,that is,the importance of geographical and human environment.In the research method,the floristic typology is combined with the long-term analysis,and the evolution of the floristic typology is combined with the geographical environment and thecultural environment,so as to enhance the scientificity of the floristic typology in the division of various cultural areas.Firstly,the regional distribution characteristics of various types of protective equipment in different terms are clarified,and the cultural areas formed under the influence of natural environment are discussed.Secondly,under the influence of human environment,the communication and dissemination of the type and technology of ancient Chinese protective equipment are discussed.From the perspective of archaeological typology and mid-term analysis,the study of ancient Chinese protective equipment emphasizes the slow-paced history,the collective power and the role of human beings,that is,the study of social history.Through the integration of the two theoretical researches,we finally achieve the combination of "man" and "object".In the study of ancient Chinese protective equipment,the unearthed situation in the tombs of ancient protective equipment is related to the identities of the unearthed objects and the owner of the tomb,revealing that the form of the combination of the objects changes with the change of the mode of operation,and that the owners of the tombs are mostly the ruling classes who master certain military forces,and the protective equipment is the embodiment of their power.At the same time,it combines the political,economic,cultural,war and other collective forces emphasized by the mid-term analysis with the study of protective equipment,and discusses the evolution of protective equipment in ancient China under the social environment.Archaeological typology and short-term analysis emphasize the short history,individual scale history,that is,historical events.The combination of archaeological typology and short-term analysis,and the combination of specific relic features,phenomena and historical events,will enrich archaeological research.Under the guidance of short-term analysis,the study of protective equipment reveals the historical events reflected by the remains and relics unearthed in tombs and sites.The unearthed tombs with protective equipment are closely related to the military activities experienced by the owner of the tomb.Most of the unearthed tombs with protective equipment are located in ancient military towns,ancient battlefields,military garrisons,weapons storehouses(arsenals)and so on,revealing the specific historical problems reflected behind the protective equipment.Secondly,the impact of major historical events on the type of protective equipment is analyzed.The occurrence of relevant majorhistorical events can often change the development direction of the type of protective equipment,emphasizing the important role of major historical events.Applying the analysis of time interval to the study of archaeological typology makes the study of ancient Chinese protective equipment not only confined to the level of "objects",but also put it into a larger environment to observe its evolution and materialize it into human history.