| In the 1930 s,the "Chinese left-wing Literature and Art Movement" was an important part of the modern literature and art movement,in which the "left-wing Film Movement",with its vigorous development,showed the new strength of the "left-wing Literature and art movement".“Left-wing film critique”originated from and developed in the historical context of “Chinese left-wing literature and Art Movement”.As an integral part of the "left-wing Film Movement",the "left-wing film criticism",demonstrating its own uniqueness,promoted the development of the literary movement,enriched the content of literary trends,and wrote a special page in the history of modern Chinese literature and art.The thesis takes the rise and development of the "left-wing film movement" in the1930 s as the historical context,takes "left-wing film criticism" as the text object,and applies Marxist literary theory and criticism,starting from the multi-dimensional perspectives of the original occurrence,the spiritual purpose,the special character,the historical limitation and the significance value;the thesis comprehensively and systematically combs the history of the formation and development of the "left-wing film criticism",and expounds its spiritual purport and the characteristics of criticism,summing up its theoretical contribution,experience and lessons,which will help us to better inherit and develop Marxist aesthetic and literary criticism view.Therefore,the these is of great contemporary significance and academic value for the construction of the theoretical system of Marxist film criticism.The historical context and theoretical resources of left-wing film criticism.This thesis first traces back to the background and process of the generation of Chinese Left-wing Film Criticism in order to find its historical inevitability and discourse legitimacy.First,the left-wing film culture movement is the necessary product of national crisis and social crisis;second,the left-wing film culture movement is the revolutionary need of the Communist Party of China to establish the ideological front of the United literature and art;third,the left-wing film culture movement is the result of the visualized cry of the general public in the world.As the forerunner of Chinese filmtheory and criticism,left-wing film criticism obtains its gradual development under the influence of the proletarian literary and art ideological movement.Therefore,it is of great academic value to return to the historical context of left-wing film criticism,sort out the theoretical resources of left-wing film criticism,and elaborate its ideological connotation and theoretical support.From the translation and introduction of Marxist theory to the spread of Marxist literary theory,and then to the translation of the theory and criticism of the left-wing films abroad,we can find the ideological source of Chinese left-wing film creation and criticism.From the study of "socialist realism" of the Soviet film school to the translation and introduction of Japanese "inclined film" theory and American film theory,Chinese left-wing film criticism has certain ideological and theoretical preparation and early foundation,reflecting the artistic practice of "primary Marxism" in the field of early Chinese film.The organizational form and critic identity of left-wing film criticism.Left wing film and its criticism are literary activities under the unified leadership and command of the Communist Party of China.Under the unified leadership of the party,the left-wing filmmakers organized and established two group organizations of the party,"film group" and "film reviewer group",which enabled the film culture movement to carry out effectively under the leadership and supervision of the party,and recognized and followed the party's line,principles and policies ideologically.Left wing film criticism has a complete organizational form and distinct discourse style.Under the direct leadership of the Chinese communist party,the main commentators of "film critics group" have the identity of Communist Party and progressive revolutionary.Their film criticism has a very clear revolutionary tendency and political purpose,and they take film criticism as a weapon and tool for the CPC to fight on the literary and art front.Not only in terms of organizational form and team building,but also in terms of film creation and film review principle,they could consciously use film as an instrument and weapon to reflect reality,expose darkness,actively fight against reactionary literary and art ideas,and strive for and master the initiative of discourse.The left-wing film critics,taking newspapers and film magazines as their critical positions,tried their best to break through the cultural encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang government and fight for the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China.The spiritual orientation and realistic principles of left-wing film criticism.The left-wing literary and art movement is a "political culture" which attaches itself to the social and political activities.The left-wing film criticism is a cultural choice for the left-wing critics to participate in and express their revolutionary demands.With Marxism Leninism as the guiding ideology,left-wing film critics firmly believe in the law of human social development revealed by scientific socialism,which has a distinct left-wing political and ideological tendency.Realism is the creative method followed by the writers of the League of leftists,and it is also the only standard for the League of leftists to engage in literary criticism.In the left-wing film criticism,this standard has also become a realistic criticism mode actively advocated and practiced by left-wing film critics.Influenced by the realistic film theory,the left-wing film critics believe that art should truly reflect and criticize the social reality,pursue the authenticity,typicality and tendentiousness of art reflection,attach importance to the ideological content of the film,and put the tendentiousness of the film performance in the first place.It is believed that in the history of art development,content always determines form,but not form determines content.The debate and criticism of left-wing film criticism.Chinese left-wing film criticism has a distinct ideological discourse tendency and style.Its critical paradigm is mainly realized in the debate of "soft movie" and the criticism of formalism,interest and Hollywood films.The left-wing film critics led by the Communist Party of China are standing on the position of the proletariat,adhering to the spirit of realism literature and art,and taking films as a revolutionary propaganda weapon.They take as their only value standard whether the works reflect the social sufferings or not and attack the darkness of reality.Most of critics dealing with the "soft movie" are petty bourgeois intellectuals,including some literati with political color.Their cognitive starting point of the society at that time is bound to be different from that of left-wing film critics.The left-wing critics consciously use the Marxist art theory and art sociology methods to fight back the "soft movie" advocated by the right-wing scholars of the Kuomintang,focusing on the dialectical relationship between politics and art,content and form,artistry and tendentiousness.The representative figures and critical theories of left wing film criticism.The leftwing movement of literature and art has cultivated a number of theorists,critics and artists for the development of Marxist theory of literature and art in China.In the 1930 s left-wing film culture movement,"left-wing film critics" is one of the most important fighting groups in the whole culture movement,playing an absolute leading role in the field of left-wing film theory criticism.It is because of the unremitting efforts,heroic struggle and fearless sacrifice of "left-wing film critics" that they won the effective implementation of the revolutionary program of the early Communist Party of China in the field of film and laid the foundation for the construction and rapid development of Chinese film theory.The left-wing film critics,represented by Xia Yan,Wang Chenwu and Zheng Boqi,gradually formed their own unique theory and criticism style,and initially constructed the theory system and criticism principle of left-wing film criticism in the fierce debate between the Soviet film theory translation,film criticism,the development of film practice and the "soft critics".This thesis aims to objectively,systematically and completely restore the historical form and the original appearance of the left-wing film criticism in the 1930s(1932-1937),and on the basis of integrating the research results at home and abroad,from the perspective of "politics","genesis" and "The Archaeology of Knowledge",this thesis probes into the external causes and the inner core of the formation of left-wing film criticism,and from the perspective of film criticism as an Noumenon of art criticism,this thesis makes a systematic analysis of its principles,characteristics,categories,communication modes,critical subjects and discourse features,so as to construct its theoretical framework of Chinese left-wing film criticism.The left-wing film cultural tradition is an important part of Chinese revolutionary tradition and an important heritage of Chinese modern culture.Inheriting and carrying forward the fine tradition of Chinese left-wing film and film criticism is not only the respect for history,but also the need of cultural spirit construction.It is also a root tracing behavior and historical guarantee of firm cultural confidence based on the new era. |
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