The Study On Ba Shu Ci In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Republic Of China

This paper takes the Ci circle of BaShu from 1874 to 1949 as the research object,and investigates the development and evolution of its Ci thoughts,Poets ecology,subject matter,artistic characteristics,group schools,etc.,so as to fully show its diversified style and unique position in the history of Ci.The study on BaShu CI in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China has the important academic value.Firstly,it's another peak in the development of BaShu Ci history in the past thousand years.BaShu Ci had a glorious history in the Five Dynasties and Song Dynasty.However,it was very weak in the Jin,Yuan,Ming and pre Qing Dynasties.It didn't wake up until the late Qing Dynasty.In the past hundred years,BaShu Ci not only sang and performed frequently,but also produced more high-quality works,and also emerged many good works with both emotion and style.Vertical comparison,it can be compared with the Five Dynasties and Song Dynasty.Secondly,it's an indispensable chapter of BaShu literature in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.From ancient times to the present,the history of Chinese literature has never ignored other literature because of the value of one style.The euphemism of CI has obvious advantages when it is not allowed to talk more.Especially in the Anti-Japanese period,because of the need of political propaganda,there are some limitations in new literature such as new poetry,drama and novel.However,the old form as CI is more free from political constraints in expressing emotions.So CI can reflect the real life of the people in the war.Thirdly,It is an important part of the study of Chinese regional Ci history.BaShu in remote areas,it has beautiful natural scenery including many trees and clear water,as well as the breeding of CI tradition.No matter in region or culture,BaShu has its own characteristics.However,there are still many shortages in the current study of BaShu Ci.First,on the macro level,there is a phenomenon that “the top is more important than the bottom”,that is,Ci poets received special attention in the Five Dynasties and SongDynasty.However,the study of CI poets is relatively weak in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.Second,The document is not very comprehensive.Third,not enough attention to Ci criticism.Fourth,Research methods and perspectives are relatively simple.Based on this,this paper adopts the research method of combination of knowing people and discussing the world with literary geography.The former is convenient for us to grasp the characteristics of writers and works more accurately.The latter is conducive to the investigation and Reflection on the group phenomenon of writers.There is a long tradition of Ci study in the field of BaShu,which was inherited and innovated in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.Generally,there are three main characteristics of CI thoughts in this period.Firstly,Promoting CI style and emphasizing poetry and Ci as a source.Secondly,The improvement of critical function and the emphasis on the consciousness of ci history.Thirdly,Identification of emotional connotation and externalization of spiritual thought.In the process of constructing the study of BaShu Ci,"Yucun CI Hua" by Li Diaoyuan is the transition between the West ZheJiang CI poetry and ChangZhou CI poetry.Jiang Fangtan's "comments on the poets of Shu" is an important achievement of the transformation of the field of Ci in BaShu from traditional words to modern Ci.Based on the investigation of the above thoughts,and the overall observation of the creation achievements and the development of Ci history,In the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,BaShu CI can be roughly divided into three stages of development.First,the awakening period of Ba Shu CI in the late Qing Dynasty(1874-1911).Zhang Zhidong successfully founded Zunjing Academy in 1874,which became an important turning point for the rise of BaShu literature.The academy has trained a lot of broad-minded and knowledgeable talents,they laid a solid foundation for the prosperity of BaShu culture.The field of BaShu CI also began to be bustling,such as Zhang Xiangling,Zhu Debao,etc.They finally gained a place in the field of CI.Zhang Xiangling is a key person,who stands in the field of BaShu poetry with a concise and sincere unique style.Hu yan and Zhu Debao were both scholars at thebottom of official circles.At the time of dynasty change,Zhu Debao was progressive,trying to save the country's dangerous situation through reform.But,Hu yan is conservative,trying to change people's lives with his own hard work.Zhou Andeng is a typical poet in the transition from late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China."ShuYa" pays attention to emotion and shows the change from sadness to strong style on the whole.Second,The revival of BaShu CI in the early and middle period of the Republic of China(1911-1936).The Jincheng poetry community is the first one in modern Ba Shu,and it is an important symbol of the revival of BaShu Ci circle from awakening.This organization was founded in Chengdu,Sichuan,mainly active from1916 to 1920.It had more than 30 parties and two collections of CI were published.The famous ones are Zhao Xi,Deng Qian,Deng Hongquan,Lin Sijin,etc.At that time,the war in Sichuan army did not attract the attention of other scholars,and the organization of Jincheng CI objectively recorded all kinds of turmoil.These works have the historical value of CI reflecting people's life and complementing the lack of history.Zhao Xi is an important participant in The Jincheng poetry community.His Xiangsong CI is not only a modern reflection of Yuan Mei's theory of spirituality,but also a true reflection of the complex mood of the adherents at the time of changing dynasties.Deng Qian was greatly influenced by Zhao Xi.They had similar experiences of national subjugation and living conditions of war.His Ci poetry as a whole showed a style of emotional expression of seclusion and grief.Zhang Shenyi and Jiang Ziyu expressed their inner unwillingness and struggle from different angles,which is a miniature of people's ideological change at this time.Third,The prosperity of BaShu CI in the late period of the Republic of China(1937-1949).After the outbreak of the comprehensive The Anti-Japanese War,with the migration of many universities and scholars here,BaShu became another Poetry Center area leading the trend after Nanjing,Shanghai,Beijing and Tianjin.The one,The creative power and the number of obvious growth.The second,Group activities are more active,such as poetry organization and collective creation.The third,The social function of Ci is obviously enhanced.The fourth,The description of the content from personality to the Anti-Japanese War.The fifth,The creative style of Ci shows diversity.From the perspective of University and literati activities,it is found that there are two large groups of Ci Poetry centered on ShaPingba in Chongqing and Huaxiba in Chengdu.The former,based on magazines such as "national poetry circle" and "Chinese Yuefu",emphasizes that literature serves politics,pursues emotional expression,and tries to reconstruct the writing space of Anti Japanese War ci history,showing the overall style of bold and unconstrained grief.The latter takes "Si Wen" magazine as the platform,and also supports literature to reflect social reality,but it is necessary to maintain its own uniqueness,adhere to the nature of Ci,and try to build a new style of elegance and sadness.Among many writers,Xiang Dicong and Liu Bingyan,the poets of Ba Shu,have made outstanding achievements.The Xiang put forward the creative ideas of learning from the Northern Song Dynasty and both emotion and melody.The Liu praised the melody and emphasized the use of Ci to record history.Both of them are special windows to understand the malpractice of "Mengchuang style" in the early Republic of China and to witness the rise of "Suxin's Ci style" during the Anti-Japanese war.In a word,Ba Shu experienced the development and evolution from the edge of Ci to the important town of Ci,from 1874 to 1949.Finally,it stands in the whole Chinese Ci circle with the characteristics of BaShu regional culture,lyrical nature and three-dimensional presentation of the complex voice of the local people.