Research On Military Defense System Of Capital City Of Qin And Han Dynasties

The four hundred years of Qin to Han Dynasties was an important period in which Chinese history moved from division to unity and from the kingdom to the empire.It was also a crucial stage in the development of the ancient capital of ancient China.Since the 1950 s,with the continuous excavation of the Qindu Xianyang City,the Chang'an City of the West Han and the Luoyang City of the East Han,a large number of material and cultural relics have been unearthed,which greatly enriched people's cognition of the Qin and Han civilizations.As "Zuo Chuan Cheng Gong " said: "The great event of the country,is Sacrifice and war",which showed the key position of the military in the country's development.Although the achievements of the academic circles in the capital of the Qin and Han Dynasties are abundant,the discussion related to the military is very weak,as specialized research is rare.Since the Qin and Han Dynasties defense system is an organic whole consisting of a large space and a multi-layered structure composed of many elements,in view of the unilateral,it is impossible to solve the problems of the Qin and Han Dynasties defense system by only using archaeological materials.According to the existing achievements and materials of archaeology,combined with historical philology and historical geography,the "multiple evidence method" is adopted to exert their respective strengths,so as to achieve the mutually beneficial research results,thus realizing construction the defense system of the Qin and Han dynasties and achievement comprehensive research diversified and multidisciplinary.This study separately refines,combs and interprets the military defense facilities and related archaeological materials of Qindu Xianyang,Chang'an City in the West Han and Luoyang City in the East Han,so that it can see through the questions and assumptions that human behavior and research need to ask.Combining with historical philology and historical geography,the conclusions are as follows:First,the Qin and Han Dynasties defense system has obvious characteristics in the spatial layout,with distinct levels,divided into urban military defense,peripheral military defense and peripheral military defense.With the military defense of Miyagi in the capital as the core and the military defense in the city as the center,the interaction between the various layers is strong and closely linked,and it plays an irreplaceable role in the defense system of the city,which form an effective protection of the political system of the Great Unification.Although each circle has certain differences in military defense facilities,military status,environmental conditions,social situation,etc.,they play an irreplaceable role in the metropolitan defense system,and the military defense significance of each circle is extremely important.Secondly,the Qin and Han capital city defense system is like a huge network.It is centered on the capital city.There are some cities around the capital that are observing the traffic routes,rich in materials and high in grades.They are located in the military palaces and have the capital city.The strategic location of the protective role,the garrison camp,etc.,is the node on this network,such as the star-studded city.Straight roads,Chi Roads,plank roads and other types of roads,Guanjin,bridges,canals,plaques,postal,pavilions,shackles,etc.,play a role of connection and communication in this network,once there is an enemy of invasion,It is possible to quickly dispatch troops,transport materials,and upload military orders.Weapon workshops,arsenals,and warehousing are important logistical support facilities that can greatly enhance the combat effectiveness of the military during wartime situations.Third,the mountains and rivers and the rivers and rivers have an unparalleled role in the defense system of the Qin and Han Dynasties.The geographical environment of Qindu Xianyang and Chang'an City in the West Han is different from that in Luoyang City in the East Han Dynasty,which combine the current situation and adapt to local conditions to make full use of the topography in the process of constructing the defense system.the topography and topography are fully utilized in military defense,especially the military strategic position of the surrounding and peripheral relations is highly valued.Fourth,the development of the Qin and Han capital defense systems and internal facilities and structures has existed for a long time.It has a reasonable composition and a great relationship with the political and military situation at that time.It highlights the history of the Great Unification Dynasty.In short,this article takes the Qin and Han Dynasties defense system as the research object.This study adopt the "multiple citation method" by using archaeological materials from the bottom up,the top-down reconstruction of the literature and the extensive scope of the historical geography,around the ancient capital as the core issue,focusing on the military defense system of the Qin and Han Dynasties in the historical period,to a certain extent It supplements the weak links in the current academic circles on the study of the capital of Qin and Han Dynasties.