Study On The Establishment Of Coastal Defense Of ShanDong Peninsula In Ming Dynasty

This thesis aims to research the historical geography of ocean frontier, and the most important purpose is probe into the history of the coastal defense administrative stations of Weisuo of Shandong Peninsula in Ming Dynasty. In order to explore the historical and geographic factors of its inner layout, we will analyze the form and development of the coastal defense of Ming Dynasty from the angle of historical geography, and thereby to offer some helpful suggestions or reference to modern coastal defense construction. Weisuo started to appear in Ming Dynasty, mainly in the periods of Hongwu and Yongle, hereafter it began to play its part despite deletions and combinations. And although the bear body of coastal defense of Ming Dynasty is Weisuo, but because the close relation of Ming coastal defense and the activities on sea in Ming Dynasty or earlier, we restrict our research time scope to the early period of Ming Dynasty of Hongwu and Yongle( 1368-1424 ).The reasons why I select the Shandong ocean frontiers of Ming Dynasty to do research are:1, Coastal Weisuo in Ming Dynasty is the unsettled historical geographical problem, for instance, the influence, evolution, management, change tendency and the installation of Weisuo under different geography environment. Weisuo of northeast and northwest area studies stress frontier defense structure shift and national relation changes; Southwest area stresses border development and national relation; Inland Weisuo study reveals the complexity of Weisuo system changes in Ming Dynasty; Coastal area related more with the elimination of Japanese bandit and prohibition of marine trade. The historical geographical research of northern coastal and along the coast of Shandong Peninsular is obviously not adequate.2, Ming Dynasty began to see threats on sea becoming serious day by day, the expansionism force from the western world and the damage done by bandit in southeastern coastal areas have pounded society of Ming Dynasty greatly. And Shandong Peninsula becomes the target of these external hostile forces to invade China from the sea because of its special strategic situation. In Ming Dynasty, society again in this course has produced certain changes, the conclusion that we can draw comes out of what this change brings, however, before this period , i.e. the period at the end of Yuan Dynasty and also the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the social adjustment of Ming dynasty has made important foundation for the establishment of the coastal defense of Ming Dynasty as well as the coastal defense of later generations , this is one of the blind areas of current coastal defense studies.3, Weisuo of Ming Dynasty is a kind of special geographic unit with military nature and geographic feature, in Ming Dynasty the development of installation of Weisuo in Shandong coastal areas directly reflects the frontier construction and policy towards nationalities of Ming Dynasty , even the up-and-downs of the country's comprehensive power.At the same time, in reference of the history of Shandong ocean frontiers in Ming Dynasty for our correct knowledge of our country in respects of coastal defense construction development condition, theoretical and historical experience we have got in coastal defense, grasp the law and the clue of strategic development of coastal defense of our country, apply the law and make use of these characteristic to serve our coastal defense today.This research paper of Shandong coastal Weisuo mainly concentrates on the following aspects:1, the influence of coastal geography condition on the setting up of Weisuo;2, the relation of coastal defense, sea transportation and coastal Weisuo;3, Form of coastal defense system and the establishment of coastal Weisuo in Shandong, Ming Dynasty.4, the interactive relation of the coastal defense in Ming Dynasty,Korean peninsula and Japanese archipelago under global historical view. Although Shandong Peninsula has good coastal geology and humane conditions, pitifully these advantages did not be transferred into progressing force. The army stationed in coasts of Shandong ruined the local civilians'normal lives, confined coastal people's pioneering spirit, and indirectly resulted in slow development of Shandong coastal areas. Weisuo in Shandong Peninsula in Ming Dynasty was not a successful defending system. In an age without modern science, an insurmountable geographic condition was the biggest barrier to the society. The geographic condition, especially Marine hydrographic and marine climate conditions restricted pirates'activities near Shandong Peninsula into a smaller scale and didn't harm Shandong Peninsula that much. Therefore, we just can't make out a conclusion if we neglect geographic elements and human being's reform ability on natural environment at that time.