Compiling Catalogues And Creating Tripitaka

Tripitaka refers to the whole Buddhist canon,including sutras,vinayas,abhidhar-mas and Buddhist works composed by Chinese monks,such as commentaries,histo-ries,hagiographies and so forth.Since Southern and Northern Dynasties,professional institutions which preserved Tripitaka were established.Monks who managed Tripi-taka compiled Buddhist catalogues to record Buddhist translations and writings,list Buddhist canons in chronological order,attribute specific scripture to its translator,distinguish authentic scripture from apocryphaThe current study aims to investigate Chinese Buddhist catalogues and canons during Tang and Song Dynasty.There are three key points in the history background of this period.First,the authority of determining which scripture could be collected into the Tripitaka had transferred from monks to bureaucrats.Kingship showed its in-fluence in the creation of Tripitaka.And gradually,as a result,Buddhist catalogues composed by Order of the Emperor ???? were born.Based on this,Tripitaka catalogues were invented.At the same time,whether indigenous Buddhist works ???? should be included into the Tripitka became the main concern of Buddhist bib-liographers.Second,during the later half of Tang Dynasty,the An-Shi Rebellion,Hui-chang Persecution of Buddhism and Huangchao Rebellion successively hap-pened,the political turbulence of this period caused huge damage to Buddhist canons Third,from the perspective of Tripitaka,the physical form of Chinese books had transformed from manuscript edition to printed edition between Tang and Song.Bud-dhist Tripitaka also involved into this transformation.Previous studies have primarily concentrated on manuscripts Tripitaka in Tang Dynasty and printed editions in Song Dynasty,however,far too little attention has been paid to handwritten manuscript canon in Song DynastyThe first chapter of this paper focuses on the transformation from handwritten manuscript canon to printed edition canon,pays attention to the connection between handwritten manuscript canon produced in the Southern area in Song Dynasty and the block-printed canon created in the same area,comes to a conclusion that the manu-script canon undergone the change from 28 lines each paper in Tang Dynasty to 30 lines each paper in the Southern area of Song Dynasty,thus,indicated that the Block-printed Huzhou Canon?????was influenced by handwritten manuscript can-ons in this specific area.The second chapter attempts to show how the political disor-der during late Tang influenced Buddhist canons.Leading by the clue of the text change of Zhenyuan Catalogue,this chapter shed light on Xi'ming monastry's reor-ganizing the Tripitaka during Emperor Xuan and Emperor Yi's Age.The political tur-bulence also caused the miscellaneousness of Buddhist canon,thus,the importance of textual criticism highlighted.In consequence,the Section Catalogues ??? were gradually invented,among which came Section Catalogue of the Whole Canon?????????and Kaiyuan Shijiao Lu Guangpin Lihhang???????????.The third chapter concentrates on Buddhist bibliographers' attitude towards the dilemma that whether indigenous Buddhist works should be included into the Tripi-taka catalogues.From Buddhist catalogues in early ages to Tripitaka catalogues,com-posite catalogues in Sui-Tang Era,the classification of indigenous Buddhist works de-velops,and eventually the eminent Buddhist bibliographer Zhisheng set a new cate-gory named "Collection of Sages for these works,which is a breakthrough of the classification of Buddhist texts.