Study On Foreign Affairs Review From 1932 To 1937

The Foreign Affairs Review,set up by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Nanjing National Government after the September 18 incident,is a special commentary journal with official background.Founded on June 20,1932,until July 15,1937,the journal published a total of 55 issues in nine volumes.As an official publication of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,the Diplomatic Review was founded to publicize the government's foreign policy and guide public opinion,and also to comment and advise on the government's foreign policy,which records a true history of China's internal and foreign affairs in the 1930 s.Through the collection,collation and analysis of the main historical materials in the publication,this paper examines the foreign policy of the government and the reflection of public opinion,focusing on the foreign reports and comments published by it,and shows the difficult,complex and changeable course of china's foreign affairs in the 1930 s,and then enriches the study of the modern history of Sino-foreign relations.This dissertation mainly studies from four aspects,one is to introduce the basic situation of Foreign Affairs Review,starting from the historical background and basic content,and to analyze the purpose,the group of authors and the basic characteristics of the journal;the other is to make an inductive research of the diplomatic opinion,criticism and advice presented in the comments,treatises,translations,monographs,diplomatic documents,current diplomatic events reviews,introduction of books and newspapers,criticism,and news reports,etc.;the third is to study the unique features of Foreign Affairs Reviews as a publication of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,as well as the influence and role of the publication in promoting foreign policy,improving public intelligence and guiding public opinion.Fourth,as the research object of the history of China and foreign relations,the Foreign Affairs Reviews provides enlightenment and lessons to the modernization of diplomatic concept and Chinese diplomacy.As far as the content is concerned,this dissertation consists of three parts: the introduction,the main text(eight chapters)and the conclusion.The introduction part introduces the topic,research status,research ideas and the innovation and shortcomings of the thesis.Chapter one examines the general situation of the magazine from its founding background,the objectives of establishment of the publication,its editing and distribution,and the author group to provide a cognitive basis for the development of the following text.Chapter two mainly summarizes the positive attitude of active diplomacy,the basic principles of safeguarding national security and the policy orientation based on the consideration of interests,and comprehensively discusses its diplomatic perspectives of trying to maintain national sovereignty;Chapter three,based on the deficiency of the diplomatic capacity of the national government,focuses on the journal's diplomatic assertion of enhancing national strength,collating diplomatic functions and attaching importance to cultural diplomacy to promote diplomatic development.Chapter four mainly sorts out the introduction and analysis of the fascism popular in the 1930 s,examines the understanding and evaluation of fascism and fascist countries at that time,and expounds the intellectuals' basic identity with the fascist totalitarianism after the September 18 incident;Chapter five and six mainly probe into the comprehensive investigation of the situation of the international pattern,and the evaluation of the domestic and foreign policies of the national government.The writers echoed the domestic and diplomatic policies by responding to the foreign policies such as "to resis foreign aggression we must first get rid of the enemy within" and "the foreign affairs of the League of Nations",and the analysis and judgment of the international allies.China and Japan's negotiations were the diplomatic priorities and difficulties of the time,and the Foreign Affairs Review focused its attention on examining and proposing the principles and policies towards Japan.On the one hand,the writers and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs were in agreement in principle,on the other hand,while criticizing the national government's "inadequate measures" on the Japanese policy,they put forward a variety of diplomatic proposals for reference to the government;the seventh chapter mainly discusses the proposal of amending the unequal treaty in the journal,which demonstrates the attention of the diplomatic community and the academic circles to the unequal treaty in the low tide,as well as the ways and means of amending the treaty.The eighth chapter compares the publication with the National Diplomatic Magazine,which has the same start time and similar names,and mainly analyzes the nature of the publication and the characteristics of its ideological content,its influence and limitation.The conclusion part is summarized evaluation:" Foreign Review Review is the" propagandist "of the government foreign policy,the" defender "of the totalitarian rule,the "communicator "of the modern international concept and diplomatic knowledge,and the" mapping mirror "of the social and political changes for its special position in the period of local Anti-Japanese War and its role in the process of diplomatic modernization.