A Study On Mongolia's Issues Of "Permanent Neutral" Status

On September 29 th,2015,Tsakhia Elbegdorj,the President of Mongolia at the 70 th United Nations General Assembly declared that Mongolia will carry out the policy of permanent neutrality for the purpose of being a neutral state,calling for the approval and support from the international society.The declaration undoubtedly exerted a direct influence on the internal and foreign affairs of Mongolia.Meanwhile,Mongolia is an important northern neighbour of China and a fulcrum country of the Belt and Road Initiative,so Elbegdorj's declaration would have an enormous impact on China-Mongolia relation.Mongolia is also an important Northeast Asian country which implements long-term equidistance and multi-pillar diplomacy,so the declaration would exert visible influence on the geographical pattern of North-East Asia and even the Asian-Pacific region.Mongolia,as a special phenomenon in international relations in the era of globalization,presented new questions about international security and cooperation."The permanent neutral status of Mongolia" has received a high degree of attention from the international society,but the academic research on this issue is still relatively weak.By taking this issue as the object of study,the dissertation is filled with academic value and realistic significance.As a Mongolian Ph D candidate studying in China,I have the advantage of being familiar with the situations of Mongolia and effectively utilizing Mongolian documents.The "permanent neutrality" is a kind of special and prominent phenomenon in international relations.This dissertation analyzes its intension and extension from the aspects of international conduct,and compares it with some similar concepts like isolationism,non-intervention doctrine,non-alignment,etc.The dissertation also penetrates the permanent neutrality's responsibilities,obligations,rights and guarantees from the aspect of international law,and investigates its historical origin,international practice and contemporary evolution from the aspect of international relations,which lays the foundation of the further study of "the permanent neutral status" declared by Mongolia.In the meantime,this dissertation analyzes Mongolia'sbasic national conditions,geographical predicaments and international appeals,reviews the evolution of Mongolian diplomatic policy and its historical relations with"the permanent neutrality",and interprets Mongolia's new aspiration to "the permanent neutral status" in the new period.On the basis of above-mentioned study,this dissertation analyzes the domestic issues in Mongolia's pursuit of "the permanent neutral status" from three aspects.Firstly,it looks back upon the domestic evolvement from the public declaration and national legislation to the abeyance after the regime change.Secondly,it analyzes the social response,the public voice,political sorting out and military opinions concerning "the permanent neutrality".Thirdly,it analyzes the prospects of Mongolia's pursuit of "the permanent neutral status".At the same time,this dissertation also makes a thorough inquiry of the international issues in Mongolia's pursuit of "the permanent neutral status" from three levels and aspects.Firstly,it probes into "the permanent neutrality's" influence on Russia and China which are Mongolia's two important neighbouring countries,the response of the two neighbours and the trilateral interaction among the three countries.Secondly,it explores "the permanent neutrality's" influence on Japan,the United States and other relevant countries which are considered as Mongolia's "third neighbour countries",the response of those neighbours and the interaction among Mongolia and those countries.Thirdly,it investigates the influence of the constraint and expansion of Mongolian diplomacy exerted by "the permanent neutrality",the new appeal in the new period.This dissertation reveals that Mongolia's declaration about "the permanent neutral status" inherits the traditional geo-strategy of a small country surrounded by big powers,extends the traditional Mongolian diplomatic policy,pursues the international guarantee of national security and seeks the expansion of international space in the new era and state.Based on the forementioned study,the dissertation presents the views that Mongolia's pursuit of "the permanent neutral status" has confronted and will confront various domestic and foreign issues,but we can hold an optimistic attitude towards the prospects of Mongolia.