Lenin's Theory Of Cultural Leadership And Its Contemporary Value

In the process of the development of Marxism,cultural leadership,as an important part of the leadership of political parties,has attracted much attention.Although the concept of cultural leadership has not been clearly used by Marx and Engels,the profound thought of cultural leadership is undoubtedly contained in their discussion on culture.As a tutor and theorist of proletarian revolution,Lenin enriched and developed the thought of Marxist cultural leadership by combining Marxism with the national conditions,and pushed it to a new stage,that is,forming the theory of cultural leadership.In this paper,the historical documents,including Lenin's works,letters and manuscripts before his death,are systematically combed by using the literature research method,the formation conditions,basic contents,characteristics and realization path view of Lenin's theory of cultural leadership are outlined by using the method of integrating history and logic,Lenin's theory of cultural leadership is evaluated by adhering to the viewpoint of seeking truth from facts and connecting development.The content of Lenin's theory of cultural leadership is very rich,and its basic ideas are very popular.In China in the 21st century,Lenin's theory of cultural leadership is a sharp ideological weapon that must be understood and fully used in practice to consolidate and develop the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China.The emergence of proletarian cultural leadership theory was called by the social and historical environment in which Lenin lived.Lenin was in an era when the internal contradictions in the capitalist world system intensified,which provided the soil and conditions for the proletarian revolution.The early workers' movement in Russia was keen on spontaneous economic struggle,which took increasing wages and improving working conditions as the main objective of struggle and did not realize that the root of class oppression and class exploitation was the Czar autocratic system.In order to turn spontaneous economic struggle into conscious political struggle,it was urgent to awaken class consciousness and political consciousness through scientific theory in the workers'movement at that time.Lenin didn't realize that the cultural power of the proletariat and its vanguard played an important role in the success of the ruling and the complete victory of the socialist cause until after the victory of the October Revolution,and the role of cultural factors in the construction of socialism had become more and more prominent.It can be seen that Lenin's theory of cultural leadership is a theoretical contribution with the characteristics of the times made by Lenin in the practice of establishing and consolidating the cultural leadership of the proletariat.The issue of cultural leadership is not simply a cultural issue.To a large extent,the battlefields of the battle for cultural leadership and the battle for ideological leadership overlap.The working class suffered from the erosion of bourgeois ideology for a long time in the early workers' movement in Russia,so the working class urgently needed to have its independent ideology to fight against the bourgeois ideology in order to escape the influence of bourgeois ideology and get rid of the harm brought by bourgeois ideology.When the concept of ideology developed to Lenin Period,it had gone through the process of affirmation,negation and neutralization.When Lenin criticized such erroneous thoughts as populism and economism,he not only explained the class nature of ideology,but also initiated the concept of "scientific ideology",which made the original gap between Marxism and ideology was filled in,the concept of Marxist traditional ideology complete a revolutionary change,the concept of ideology was creatively given a commendatory color,and the socialist ideology was constructed.So far,the proletarian ideology,which is opposite to the bourgeois ideology,came into being and became the theoretical pilot guiding the Russian revolutionary movement.The theory of scientific socialism can not be automatically produced by the working class but can only be instilled from the outside.The proletarian party shouldered the historical task that scientific theory mastered the working class.In theory and practice,Lenin solved the task of the establishment of Russian political parties.Bolshevik party,an advanced force led by Lenin and armed by Marxism,adopted flexible and diverse implementation paths around the central work in different periods,which made the proletarian cultural leadership established and consolidated.The way of propaganda and agitation was used in the revolutionary period to make the socialist ideology occupy the ideological field of the masses,so that the class consciousness and political consciousness of the masses were awakened by fighting for the right of speech with the bourgeoisie;the way of propaganda and agitation was used in the extraordinary period to persuade the farmers to turn over their surplus grain to the state,which helped the new Soviet regime to get through the difficulties;"the people are the masters of their country" was used as a slogan in the peace building period,so that the initiative of the masses to build socialism was stimulated Establishing newspapers and periodicals,as another normal way of implementation,occupied the main position of public opinion to expand the influence of socialist ideology in the revolutionary period;newspapers and periodicals mainly played the role of implementing social education and stimulating the enthusiasm and creativity of the masses in the peace building period.In the peace building period,Lenin realized that the construction of socialism was seriously hindered by the backward culture and improving the cultural level of the masses became one of the most urgent tasks.However,proletarian culture did not emerge out of nothing but developed on the basis of inheriting the old social culture.Therefore,carrying out cultural construction and using cultural heritage critically became the main implementation path of consolidating cultural leadership in the peace building period.The ideological confusion inside and outside the party was caused by the emergence of various wrong thoughts in the revolutionary period and the construction period.Lenin resolutely fought back all kinds of erroneous thoughts and eliminated their influences,which safeguarded Marxism,laid a class foundation for the victory of revolution and the awakening of the people,and provided spiritual impetus for mobilizing all positive factors to join the socialist construction in the peace building period.The Bolshevik party,led by Lenin,not only successfully transformed the communist ideals and beliefs of the proletarian party into the common ideals and beliefs of the whole society,but also led the masses to struggle for them in the period of revolution and construction.It is well known that the realization of cultural leadership is not achieved at one stroke but a complex process.In the exploration of Lenin's theory of cultural leadership,the dialectical relations between class nature and scientificity,stage nature and coherence,critical nature and constructive nature,and native nature and international nature should not only be recognized deeply,but also be controlled scientifically in practice.It is of great theoretical and practical guiding significance for the construction of the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China by reviewing Lenin's theory of cultural leadership in today's complex and changeable international environment.Nowadays,the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China faces not only opportunities,but also many risks and challenges in the process of construction.The legitimacy of the ruling Communist Party of China will face an identity crisis unless it is well resolved.As far as Lenin's theory of cultural leadership is concerned,the Communist Party of China should not only inherit,enrich and develop it,but also use it as a sharp ideological weapon in practice.First of all,cultural leadership is highly valued by the proletarian party.Cultural leadership has been highly valued by the Bolshevik Party led by Lenin.Based on the characteristics of the times and the focus of their work at that time,they established and consolidated the cultural leadership through flexible and diverse paths,playing a value leading role in persuading,seizing and managing Russia.In the context of the complex domestic and international environment in the new era,cultural leadership should be highly valued by the Communist Party of China to play the role of leading ideology and supporting value in the process of national rejuvenation.Secondly,the socialist ideology guided by Marxism should be adhered to.Marxism was used by Lenin to guide the revolution of his country,thus establishing the first socialist country in the world,providing a practical paradigm for the colonial and semi colonial countries to identify with socialist ideology.By combining Marxism with China' s national conditions,the Communist Party of China has made China realize the great journey from standing up to being rich to being strong.However,in view of the fact that the coexistence of capitalism and socialism still exists today,it is still necessary for the Communist Party of China to continue to adhere to the socialist ideology guided by Marxism,and continue to open up new theoretical realm according to the characteristics of the times;Third,socialist cultural self-confidence should always be strengthened.In addition to establishing the world' s advanced political and economic systems with a high degree of cultural consciousness,Lenin also created an advanced socialist culture,initiated the correct development direction of culture,made the Soviet Union make great achievements in science and culture under the guidance of the right direction,and promoted the construction of socialism.The Communist Party of China adheres to the guidance of socialist culture guided by Marxism,which promotes the continuous victory of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Cultural self-confidence has been strengthened by the positive interaction between socialist practice and socialist culture.Fourth,the "indoctrination" mode of propaganda should be insisted and improved.The "indoctrination" run through in the whole process of the realization of Lenin's cultural leadership,but this"indoctrination" is not compulsory,but different from each other.It is to achieve the indoctrination effect by integrating the indoctrination content with the familiar cases,languages and styles of the indoctrination objects.In order to make the latest theoretical achievements of Sinicization of Marxism truly popular,the construction of the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China should not only adhere to the basic principle of Lenin's indoctrination,but also improve the way of indoctrination according to the characteristics of the times.