A Ethical Study On Marx's Theory Of Communication

Marx's communication theory is an important part of Marx's historical materialism.The analysis of Marx's communication theory from the perspective of ethics is helpful to comprehensively and profoundly understand Marx's communication theory and its class position and moral pursuit.Marx has not systematically expounded his own ethical thought,which is mainly reflected in the moral criticism of capitalist society and the interpretation of communist morality.Marx lived in an era when the spatial structure of human communication developed from scattered and isolated regional communication to global communication.In view of the capitalist social relations at that time and the criticism and inheritance of various social thoughts,Marx gradually formed his own view of communication,and advocated the use of the principles and methods of historical materialism to analyze and explain the relationship between man and nature,between man and man.Marx deeply studied the division of labor and exchange in British classical political economy,absorbed the reasonable core of Kant's practical rationality,critically inherited Hegel's and Feuerbach's communication views,and formed the communication theory based on practice.Marx's category of "communication" covers all social relations and the relationship between man and nature under such social relations.It has the characteristics of subjectivity,objectivity,initiative and social historicity.Communication can be divided into material communication and spiritual communication,economic communication,political communication and cultural communication,regional communication and world communication.From the standpoint of the proletariat,Marx made a profound moral criticism on the capitalist economic,political and cultural exchanges on the basis of the capitalist production mode and communication mode,such as the subject alienation,false consciousness,abstract morality and mandatory communication.Marx's moral criticism of capitalist society uncovers the false veil of so-called freedom,democracy and equality in capitalist social communication,analyzes the root of capitalist evil,highlights the ethical guidance and moral goal of communism,and points out the correct path for the cause of human liberation.Marx put forward the theory of three historical forms of human communication,and showed the general historical process of the development of human communication by analyzing the changes of productive forces,forms and scope of communication.Taking communication as a clue,the evolution of the historical form of human society can be divided into three stages: the stage of human dependence,the stage of human independence based on material dependence,and the stage of free personality.Based on the methodology principle of historical materialism,Marx made a deep research on the ethics and morality based on the material production and communication mode under different social forms.The first stage of communication is completely spontaneous.In this stage,under the influence of natural forces,people have to combine into groups and fight against nature.Human activities and development are isolated in a narrow range,and the communication between people is also narrow.Therefore,the communication ethics formed has certain dependency.In the second stage,the general social material exchange is formed,and the social relations of human beings are constantly enriched.People are the main body of social development,and people's communication activities continue to expand.The ethics formed are completely materialized and attached to capital.In Marx's opinion,the third stage is the highest stage of all-round development on the basis of human's free personality.The ultimate goal of social development is to continuously expand towards the all-round and free development of human beings,so the Communicative Ethics presented is positive and self-contained.People's free and all-round development is the highest ethical goal of social development,which is gradually realized in the process of real social life.The theoretical research on Marx's communication theory from the ethical dimension highlights the subject dimension and ethical purport of communism pursued by Marx.Marx's communication theory shows Marx's unique ethics of communication by criticizing capitalist economic,political and cultural exchanges.The establishment of this concept provides value choice and moral goal for the study of economic ethics and political ethics.At the same time,in the process of criticizing capitalist communication activities,Marx also pointed out the irrationality and injustice of the system of safeguarding the interests of the bourgeoisie,and on this basis,he constructed the evaluation criteria of institutional ethics.In the process of communication between man and nature,Marx put forward "to construct according to the law of beauty" to reconcile man and nature.The formation of this concept provides guiding principles for the study of ecological ethics,that is,the ethical goal that conforms to both the purpose of human beings and the regularity of nature.Human communication is developing towards universal communication,and the world is connected as a whole.In the process of world integration,human beings are also facing various challenges.Marx's communication theory clarifies the basic law of social development and provides a theoretical perspective for understanding and grasping the development and change of capitalism.Capitalist economic globalization is the most prominent embodiment of capital expansion in contemporary world history.The way to get through the crisis is still realized by strengthening the plunder of the wealth of the working people in the domestic,developing countries and relatively backward countries,because the mode of production of capitalist society has not changed,the contradiction of capitalist society has not changed,the purpose of pursuing surplus value of capitalist society has not changed,and the trend of inevitable demise of capitalist society has not changed even now The problems caused by the capitalist state are more complex and diverse than before,but they still can not change the expansion of capital,the nature of aggression,and the worldwide confrontation between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.To realize the liberation of all mankind and realize the equality and freedom of communication between people is still the deepest aspiration of proletarian workers.The ethical implication of Marx's communication theory provides scientific methods and ideological guidance for dealing with and solving the communication relations between countries,nations and nations,and between people under the background of globalization,as well as the construction of a community of human destiny.The requirements of international relations are also an important part of Xi Jinping's socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era,and also the core of China's foreign policy.This content not only reflects China's desire for peaceful development,but also sets forth the lofty ideal of building a better world in China.The new international relations thought put forward by Xi Jinping under the guidance of Marx doctrine is the new development of Marx's communication theory in China,and highlights the ethical appeal of Marx's communication theory.