ON Democracy In School Education And Its Realization

In the area of education,the study of education democracy has a long history In different historical periods,there are different tendencies in the research themes of educational democracy.In the new historical period,educational democracy is regarded as the symbol of educational modernization.The theoretical research of educational democracy has important theoretical and practical significance.However,the theoretical horizon of educational democracy in the research field is relatively narrow.It's research on education democracy is mainly focused on the discussion of democracy in class democracy and teacher-student relationship which is directly related to student's democratic character and democratic life.There is a lack of discussion about teachers' democratic participation in education,school management system and democratic culture construction.We think that democracy in school education should take care of all aspects of school education:object,system,method,teacher-student relationship,management,content and organization form.The existing framework of educational democracy is not enough to support a connotation.The theoretical inquiry of educational democracy needs to reflect the democracy of the whole school.The study of democracy has chosen the theoretical framework of liberal democracy and participatory democracy.On the basis of fully understanding the advantages and disadvantages of liberal democracy and participatory democracy and its relationship,the essential connotation of democracy is extracted:democracy is a value system;a political system;a system of social management;The way of living in a common life.Based on the characteristics of school education,the connotation and characteristics of educational democracy and school education democracy are systematically explained.Educational democracy means the free exchange of experience of various subjects in education,which means that teachers and students can participate in self-management,which means to respect the individualized development of students.School education democracy is the concretion of educational democracy.According to the theory of organizational construction,School Education Democracy extends the vision to the outside of the school organization,and the external government governance and the participation of the social subjects play an important role in the realization of the school education democracy.How does school education democracy achieves the value guidance and practical guidance for school education?The first is to follow the perspective of the rights of liberal democracy and the participation of participatory democracy.The second is that the concept of governance has the basic connotations of the concept of democracy,and the concept of governance is introduced in the study.The study of democracy in school education mainly consists of three aspects,namely,democratic governance outside schools,democratic governance within schools,and democracy in education and teaching process.The research object of the external democratic governance includes the democracy of government school relations and the democracy of social school relations;the research object of internal governance mainly includes the source of the power of the principal,the professional autonomy of the teachers and the democratic participation in the management of the school;the democracy of education and teaching is mainly to discuss the course supply and self-management directly related to the development of the students.The Democratic situation of the relationship between teachers and students.The internal and external democratic governance mainly falls on the realization of democratic rights under the guarantee of the system,while the democracy of education and teaching embodies the democratic and cultural atmosphere of the school and the way of democratic life.It is worth noting that democracy in school education is not perfect,and it faces certain limitations.The concrete performance is that the school education will face the collision of democratic rights,the dislocation of democratic value,the dilemma of how to choose democracy and efficiency and so on.In the democratic practice,the students' democratic accomplishment may not be really developed because of the closed nature of the school education.The realization of democracy in school education needs certain internal and external conditions.In the traditional,autocratic and closed school education,the democratic practice of school education is hindered by the intervention of the administrative department,the lack of the internal power restriction of the principal,the lack of teachers' awareness of democratic participation,the great behavior of the private culture of the school and the decline of the school's public life.How to make a rational and effective cure for the predicament faced by democratic practice in school education?Firstly,It is necessary to reaffirm the value leading role of democracy in school education,promote the marriage of the rule of law and democracy,and improve the relationship between the government and the school,the school and the society by the rule of law.Secondly,on the basis of the recognition of the principal's responsibility system,the governance of the school is reform,and the diversification of governance is realized through decentralization,and the internal governance vitality is formed through the adjustment of the organizational structure.Thirdly,we should respect students' right to learn and democratic autonomy,so as to cultivate students' positive civic literacy.Finally,we should create the school public sphere in the practice of public domain,cultivate the public spirit of the school members and the accomplishment of democratic citizens.