| The coordinated development of population,economy and land is an important issue in human-land relations.With rapid urbanization development,the coordinated advancement of population,economy and land is of high concern by governments and academic circles of many countries.Ever since its government reform and opening up its borders,China's urbanization has made remarkable achievements.However,rapid urbanization has led to many problems in China such as a waste of land resources,an increasingly widening gap between urban and rural areas among different regions,a mismatch of economic and population distribution,and population urbanization lags behind land urbanization.In view of the above problems mentioned in the process of urbanization in China,a National planning for major function-oriented zones and National new urbanization plan(2014-2020)had been promulgated that clarified the principle of coordinated development of the population,economy and space.However,relevant theoretical and empirical studies were insufficient.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry out research on the coordinated development of population,economy and urban construction land in the process of rapid urbanization in China.A great deal of research has been carried out on the coordinated development of a population,economy and land in the process of urbanization in China.However,due to the lack of theoretical basis and single research scale,most studies on coordinated development of urbanization are not systematic,and the comparability and operability of evaluation results are not strong.In order to clarify the relationship between the urbanization process and the coordinated development of population,economy and urban construction land,as well as whether the changes in the spatial distribution of population,economy and urban construction land meet the requirements of the National planning for major function-oriented zones and National new urbanization plan(2014-2020),in this paper we select Jiangxi Province to carry out an empirical research,which has rapid urbanization and outstanding non-coordinated development problems.This is so as to provide references for the coordinated development of urbanization in the province and the implementation of its major function-oriented strategy.In order to research the coordinated development of population,economic and urban construction land of Jiangxi Province in this paper,we used a variety of techniques and methods integrated,such as remote sensing monitoring technology,geographic information system technology,the transfer matrix method,multi-index weight assessment method,model simulation method,space-time dynamic analysis,and multi-scale integrated analysis method.First,we studied the process of urbanization in Jiangxi Province from 1990 to 2015.Then,we studied the coordination of population,economy and urban construction land in Jiangxi Province from the provincial,regional and county scales.Finally,specific suggestions were put forward for the uncoordinated development of population,economy and urban construction land in Jiangxi Province.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.The rapid urbanization process of Jiangxi Province(1)Since 1990,Jiangxi Province has entered a period of rapid urbanization.According to the differences in the growth rate of the comprehensive level of urbanization,the urbanization process of Jiangxi Province can be divided into three stages:Stable Development Period(1990-2001),Accelerated Development Period(2002-2009)and Rapid Development Period(2010-2015);the characteristics of periodic changes in the urbanization process are obviously affected by the development policies of national and local governments.(2)From 1990 to 2015,the urban construction land area in Jiangxi Province expanded to 4.7 times that of 1990,which making the per capita urban construction land area(PCUCLA)of Jiangxi Province as high as 122.91 m~2/person in 2015.It has exceeded the relevant national standards.In 2015,the biggest difference of PCUCLA between counties was as high as 6 times.Therefore,it is necessary to speed up the establishment of a system to link the scale of construction land with the scale of urban population.(3)In recent years,urban spatial expansion is the most important driving force for land use change in Jiangxi Province.The waste of land resources in rural residential areas and the rapid decrease of forest land should be paid attention to by relevant departments.From 1990 to 2015,the urban construction land in Jiangxi Province had been increased by 2761.36 km~2,which were mainly from cultivated land(1336.71 km~2)and woodland(923.78 km~2).Since 2000,urban spatial expansion has become the main driving force of land use change under the joint action of the“Balance of Arable Land”and“Reform of Collective Forest Rights”policies as woodland had replaced cultivated land and became the main output land use type.Within the recent 25 years,although the rural population of Jiangxi Province has decreased by 8.26 million,the area of rural residential areas has hardly decreased.Therefore,it is necessary to standardize the policy of linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land.2.The changes of coordination among population,economy and urban construction land in Jiangxi Province under rapid urbanization(1)From the perspective of the evolution process at the provincial level,the coordination of population,economy and urban construction land in Jiangxi Province experienced two stages:the Process of Increased Coupling(1990-2003)and the Process of Decreased Coupling(2004-2015).The main reason for the change of coupling degree is that population urbanization lags behind land urbanization and economic urbanization.Therefore,moderate acceleration of population urbanization is an effective measure to improve the coordination among the three.(2)From a regional scale,the preliminary percentage differences between regions have been reduced due to the reverse flow of population,economy and urban construction land.Therefore,population,economic and urban construction land became more harmonious at the regional scale,but the coordination degree and the reason of uncoordinated developments have obvious spatial difference.(3)From the perspective of spatial difference at county-level scale,Jiangxi Province has a large gap in the level of social and economic development.It needs to strengthen the support of undeveloped areas.At the same time,the coordination level and non-coordinated development types of population,economy and urban construction land at county-level scale are obviously different in Jiangxi Province,so it is necessary to develop differentiated urbanization coordinated development strategies at the county level.3.The main problems existing in the spatial distribution changes of population,economy and urban construction land(1)In addition to the PCUCLA being more than the national standards,there was an obvious spatial dislocation of land urbanization and population urbanization in Jiangxi Province between 2000 and 2015.In the case of a large number of the rural population being transferred,the rural settlements have not decreased correspondingly.All of these are inconsistent with the requirements of the National new urbanization plan(2014-2020),which intended to save land resources and narrow the gap between urban with rural areas and between regions.(2)In terms of population mobility,although the resident population of Jiangxi Province was gradually gathering in key development zones from 2000 to 2015,the resident population in various restricted development zones was still increasing,and the pressure of population on resources and the environment of key ecological functional zones was not reduced.On the other hand,the net migration population of all types of restricted development zones in Jiangxi Province mainly went to the optimized development zones of the other province which has a tighter pressure on resources and the environment,rather than going to key development zones in Jiangxi Province.This deviates from the original intention of the National planning for major function-oriented zones.To solve these problems,it is necessary to speed up the establishment of a system to link the scale of construction land with the scale of urban population.At the same time,it is necessary to start the coordination mechanism of cross regional construction land index.Thus,the population in key ecological functional areas will be transferred to key development zones gradually.In this way,the population pressure in restricting development zones can be reduced,and the over-urbanization of land in key development zones can be also avoided. |
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