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The Construction Of Academic Institutions In Major Community

Posted on:2019-10-08Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X W ZhuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1367330596459124Subject:Higher Education
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The grassroots academic organizations are the cells of university.To a great extent,they impact the management and operation of it.Under the background of "double firstclass" construction in China,no matter it is "first-class university" or "first-class discipline",its final destination and executor are all in grassroots academic organizations;Besides,in the process of "de-administrating" reform,only a perfect academic institution system can guarantee the rationality of organizational structure and achieve the balance of academic and administrative power.Depending on the policies above,the advantages and disadvantages of academic institution arrangement of teaching and research unit directly influences the development and reform of university,so it is necessary and urgent to build a scientific and reasonable academic institution system of theteaching and research unit.This study is closely abided by the evidencebased principle of “posing the questions–finding the problems-analyzing the problemssolving the problems”.Firstly,investigates the present situation of the teaching and research unit(and its academic institution),summarizes the problems of its responsibility category,behavior main body,mechanism of rewards and punishment,and the operation rules and main impeditive elements;Secondly,the analyze of the grassroots academic organizations in Germany and USA provides us with theoretical and factual basis.It combines the scientific and realistic,and guarantees the consistency and feasibility of research process and results.Consequently,to clarify the operational mechanism and constraints of grassroots academic organizations,to set up scientific and reasonable management and operation standards for grassroots academic organizations,to help them achieve a balance between management and neglect,they prove that this is a research topic with practical and academic significance.The construction of reasonable theoretical basis and logical structure is the premise of investigation research and practical exploration.This study builds a theoretical bridge between the teaching and research office and the professional community from the perspective of community theory:under the logic of knowledge,the teaching and research unit is the carrier of subject,and under the logic of function,it becomes the grassroots organization of teaching and research.The academic institution system of major community is formed spontaneously in the course of historical evolution,and it is a changeablesynthesis of traditions,values and rules,which is used to constrain and normalize the members in community.In the knowledge economy society,the counterforce of “power-interest” and “teaching-research”pushes the teaching and research unitfrom the bottom of the structure into a cramped condition.It also breaks the ethical balance of institution supply and demand.The remission and elimination of this impulse must be based on a sufficient understanding of its elements.According to the Stakeholder Theory and Mitchell Score-based Approach,teacher is the core stakeholder in the teaching and research unit as well as in its academic institution because of its possession of Legitimacy,Power and Urgency.The realistic basis of an institution construction comes from the cognition and grasp of its current situation.First of all,define the responsibilities of the teaching and research unit.This study collected and sorted out the teaching and research unit management regulations of 32 universities as the original text,input to the MAXQDA,after comparing and sifting by the software,the responsibilities of the teaching and research unit can be classified into teaching,research,teacher training,administrative affairs and institution construction.These five responsibilities are the action indexes of the investigation as well as the contents of academic institution.Secondly,the study combines the five key points of the Broad Theory of Institutional Change and their correlation,dissects the participation,operation and assessment mechanism asthe primary indicators for the academic system operation,they build up the four dimensions of surveyquestionnaire along with the responsibilities that mention before.The survey is strictly adhere to the principle of protecting privacy and balancing sample distribution,nearly 800 teachers across the country were engaged,and totally 518 questionnaires were collected.Through the statistics and analysis of the data,it is found that the responsibilities of the teaching and research unit in China are not fully covered: Teaching and research are separated,institution construction renewal is laggard,core stakeholder is omission,the force of teachers are weak,the major community spirit is reduced,the utilitarian incentive mechanism is developing,the evaluation standard is unitary and depending on quantitative indexes,so to build up a reasonable and legal academic system is not only a consideration of reality but also a response to realistic needs.There are mainly three models of grassroots organization system in modern universities: the “authoritative” lecture system which is represented by German universities,the “association” department system which is represented by American universities and the teaching and research unit system which is represented by Chinese universities.The study is started from the perspective of historical evolution and by means of comparative analysis.It sorts out the formation track of grassroots organizations in German and American universities on the premise of facing up to their own deficiencies,and then analyzes and integrates the status,characteristics and advantages of academic system.Then finds out that,Grassroots academic organization is the main place for academic activities in universities;the teachers are the dominant force in the development of major and discipline;self-renewal is an important prerequisite for the development of the academic system of grassroots organizations;decentralization and keeping balance is an important guarantee for the development of academic institutions.It is the core proposition of the research that to decide which path should be chosen and which type of institution should be built.Firstly,to focus from macro to micro is the basic operation logic of academic system.Under the macroscopic coordination of the separation of management and evaluation,the secondary colleges are endowed with the power of rights,which makes the college level release academic vitality in the balance of power;Furthermore,by means of micro-integration,the grass-roots teacher group can break away from the utilitarian and one-sidedness evaluation orientation and return to the noumenal development.Secondly,take the self-regulation of institution,knowledge guidance and integration of teaching and research as the path of academic institution construction to establish the construction framework of academic rationality.The institution construction should bases on the principle of institutional selfregulation,and breaks the cycle of institutional excess and institutional vacuum and realizes the self-adjustment of academic system in social development;Furthermore,the institution construction should be guided by the logic of knowledge,to establish and perfect a new model of “circulate-help-guidance band” andthen return to the discipline centered academic standard.Take the integration of science and education as an opportunity,focus on the improvement of teaching academic abilities.Meanwhile,establish the self-evaluation system of undergraduate teaching which is based on the teaching and research unit,and set up the academic comprehensive evaluation system which is based on the college or department.As a result,it could ensure the fulfillment of the core duties of the teaching and research unit and ensure the coordinated development of university functions including talents cultivation,scientific research and social service.
Keywords/Search Tags:major community, the teaching and research unit, academic institution, empowerment, the grassroots academic organization
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