| A person without spirit can not stand,a country without spirit can?t be strong.Chinese Spirit is the soul of rejuvenating our country and making our country more powerful by concentrating the Chinese People and Chinese Nation during the new era of the Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,is the spiritual sustenance of realizing Chinese Dream of Chinese Nation Great Rejuvenation.The year of 2018 marks the 40 th anniversary of reform and opening-up.At the celebration of the 40 th anniversary of reform and opening-up General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the great spirit of “Reform and Opening-up” forged during the process of reform and opening up is the most distinctive spiritual symbol of the contemporary Chinese People.Undoubtedly this grest spirit is one of the core contents of Chinese Spirit.The contemporary young college students are inheritors of the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics,the main force to realize the Chinese Dream of Chinese Nation Great Rejuvenation,and so Chinese Spirit cultivation for college students is the inevitable requirement and realistic subject of realizing the Chinese Dream Great Rejuvenation of Chinese Nation in the new era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics.For this purpose,the cultivation of Chinese Spirit for the college students requires a clear grasp of its ideological resources and theoretical basis,an objective analysis and scientifical assessment of the status quo of College Students' Chinese Spirit cultivation to understand and grasp the problems and causes accurately.In order to solve the problems better,it is necessary to analyze deeply and explain systematically its connotation,value,objectives,contents,principles,methods,processes,structures and mechanisms to construct systematic cultivation theory.Based on the combination of theoretical cognition and empirical analysis,we explore the optimization strategy of the cultivation of Chinese Spirit for the College Students in the new era.To sum up,this study focuses on the following issues.Firstly,this paper has excavated and summarized the ideological resources and theoretical basis for the cultivation of Chinese Spirit for college students.The National Spirit cultivation ideas of "Self-Improvement and Integrity" of the Confucian,"Love for Both Sides" of Mohist,"Natural Rule" of Taoism,"Advocating Law and Political Reform,Advocating Force and Pragmatic " of Legalists in Chinese traditional society,are the ideological resources of cultivating Chinese Spirit for the college students in the new era.The reasonable composition of the National Spirit cultivation ideas of "Holism" in Ancient Greece,"Belief in god" in Middle ages,"Rationalism" in Modern times of Western society,are the ideological references.The thought of Communist Spirit cultivation of Marx and Engels,the thought of Socialist Spirit cultivation of Lenin and Mao Zedong,the thought of Socialist Spirit with Chinese Characteristics cultivation of Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao,the thought of Chinese Spirit cultivation of Xi Jinping,are the theoretical guidance of Chinese Spirit cultivation for college students in the new era.Secondly,this paper has analyzed objectively the current situation,problems and causes of Chinese Spirit cultivation for the college students.The empirical research finds that the college students have basic understanding of Chinese Spirit theory but their understanding displaying the characteristics of being lack of systematicity,shallow and unbalanced;have deep feeling,strong willingness and action perseverance,and firm confidence for Chinese Spirit but their feeling,willingness and confidence presenting significant imbalance;can practice Chinese National Spirit and Times Spirit centered on reform and innovation but their practice showing the phenomenon of “incompatible of mind and action” and imbalances.The internal relations and weaknesses of the overall framework of Chinese Spirit cultivation for college students are as follows: the school education,social education and family education of college students Chinese Spirit reinforces with self-education each other;Chinese Spirit mental cognition of college students plays a weak role in China Spirit practice of college students,Chinese Spirit emotional identity of college students plays a strong role in Chinese Spirit practice of college students;the school education,social education and family education of college students Chinese Spirit has great positive effects on Chinese Spirit mental cognition and Chinese Spirit emotional identity while working little on Chinese Spirit practice,Chinese Spirit self-education has great positive effects on Chinese Spirit emotional identity and Chinese Spirit practice while working little on Chinese Spirit mental cognition.The empirical research shows some problems that the development of Chinese Spirit attainment of college students is unbalanced,the systematic and realistic of the cultivation content is not strong,the implementation of pragmatic principles and hierarchy principle is not effective,the method is not practical and innovative,family education and ego education are weak.The reason is that the overall quality of the education workers is mixed,cultivation path lacks of completeness and resultant force is not enough,the breeding mechanism is not sound,social environment is complex,the personality development of college students is not perfect.Thirdly,this paper has constructed the theoretical system of Chinese Spirit cultivation for university students in the new era.The cultivation of Chinese Spirit for college students in the new era is the spiritual education practice which follows the logic of the formation and development of Chinese Spirit and the law of the formation and development of Chinese Spirit of College Students,aims at the fundamental goal of making the college students those with "unique spiritual world of Chinese" and those who can fulfill the great responsibility of realizing Chinese Dream of Chinese Nation Great Rejuvenation.It has the individual value of guiding college students' growth,building their spiritual home and enhancing their spiritual power as well as the social value of promoting the economic,political,cultural and ecological development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.On the target,the purpose is to enable college students in the new era to form a correct understanding of the Chinese Spirit,generate a high degree of Chinese Spirit Identity,establish a firm belief in Chinese Spirit,and generate a conscious practice of Chinese Spirit.On the content,it is necessary for college students to carry out National Consciousness Education,excellent Traditional Chinese Culture Education,Marxist Theory Education,Ideal and Belief Education,Socialist Core Values Education with Chinese Characteristics,Chinese Spirit Ontology Theory and Practice Education,and comparative national spirit education with major developed countries.In principle,we should adhere to the unity of politics and culture,ideality and reality,theory and practice,tradition and times,integrity and hierarchy,nationality and openness.On the way,in addition to applying the general methods of combining theoretical education with practical education,educational guidance with self-education,explicit education with implicit education,online education with off-line education,etc.It is also necessary to adopt the methods of telling Chinese Stories,appreciating Chinese Classics,experiencing Chinese Spirit,demonstrating Chinese Model,evolving Chinese Spirit and comparative education.In terms of process,it includes the formulation of the cultivation program,the specific implementation of the program,college students' acceptance of Chinese Spirit cultivation,the evaluation of the cultivation effect of four progressive links.On the structure,it has the basic structure such as Chinese Spirit noumenon model,subject compound linkage model and two-way interaction model,the morphological structure such as dominant and centripetal structure,and the hierarchical Structure such as the psychological and theoretical knowledge of Chinese Spirit for students in the lower grades,the development of thinking mode,moral character and values of Chinese Spirit for students in middle grades,Chinese Spirit practice education for students of the senior years.On the mechanism,it includes the dynamic mechanism consisting of the main guiding force,the inner driving force of college students,the mediator transmission force and the environmental support force,integration mechanism consisting of "four in one" cultivation pattern and "six in one" cultivation path and functional mechanism consisting of incentive mechanism and guarantee mechanism.In the end,based on the combination of the theoretical analysis and existing problems and reasons,the optimization countermeasures are put forward from five aspects,such as improving the comprehensive quality of educators,perfecting the way of Chinese Spirit cultivation for college students,improving the cultivation mechanism,optimizing the external environment for Chinese Spirit cultivation for college Students,promoting college students' self-awareness and self-reflection on Chinese Spirit. |
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