Learning As Cultural Practice

The history of the study of learning theory is only more than one hundred years,but it has promoted the continuous change of modern human's learning concept and behavior.?Learning to be human?has become the universal value accepted by the contemporary world.Curriculum reform is in the ascendant while learning reform is no longer making no difference.The development trend of educational research frontier indicates that the focus of teaching research has gradually shifted from ?teaching? to ?learning?.The dimensions of learning and research are also expanding from a ?single? view of science and technology to a ?comprehensive? focus on the integration of learning and culture;There is a paradigm shift from ?philosophy of science? to ?philosophy of culture? in the study of the nature of learning as well.The topic of this study is based on the consideration of both theory and practice.In theory,it comes from the consideration of the nature of learning;in practice,it comes from the concern of learning in the reform of basic education.Learning research should not only focus on the psychological,technical and environmental factors of learning,but also become a part of contemporary learning research for its unique significance and value dimension as the main life style of students.Cultural philosophy,as the contemporary form of practical philosophy,defines the functional noumenon of human beings in a way that takes cultural shaping and symbolic meaning as the explanation of the essential characteristics of human beings,providing a theoretical source of nourishment for this study.This paper makes a comprehensive use of literature research,comparative research and observation.The theory part mainly uses the literature method and the comparative research method.Through the analysis to the Cassirer culture philosophy theory essential meaning,it has revealed the culture philosophy to the study research ontology,the epistemology and the methodology enlightenment.Based on the cultural reflection on the learning and research under the existing scientism paradigm,the researcher puts forward that the essence of human's "culture-symbol" is completed through practice.As a special practical activity,students' learning constitutes a functional mechanism of students' cultural human being making.And learning is students' specific cultural practice.As a cultural practice,intentionality,significance,generativity,unity and diversity are its nuclear cultural characteristics.The learning field,learning purpose,learning content and learning mode constitute the cultural practice elements of students' learning.The study holds that the essence of learning is students' practice of cultural human being making."Cheng" means "to develop".Students develop mature and complete cultural personality in different cultural practices.Learning is a form of human practice.Students can transform from a natural person to a cultural person through the functional unification of learning and culture.As a cultural practice,learning is an essential understanding of students' learning.The essence of students' learning should be understood and constructed from the perspective of culture.Under the guidance of language,curriculum,teachers and other cultural elements,students can obtain the development of intentionality,complete the symbolic structure of themselves and realize the significance connection with the cultural world.The process of students? learning is the interaction between people and the cultural world.The study holds that students' learning is a kind of cultural practice and an interactive cycle between people and the cultural world.First of all,the physical world provides materials of sense and perception for learning.Under the action of students' intentionality,it has a meaningful connection with sense and perception,symbolizing the physical world and forming a cultural world.Then,through symbolic activities,students constantly generate cultural and symbolic self.Later,they develop their own cultural world through symbolic activities which is also an innovative activity.Finally,the expanded cultural world creates new cultural elements and products,which then expand the physical world.In the process of this interactive cycle,students' learning shows a process of symbolized construction of human beings.Through this symbolized activity,the construction of the symbolized attitude,thinking and behavior are completed.The motivation of students' learning is cultural survival and the ultimate goal is toward freedom.The content of students' learning is the symbolic world of differentiation under the unity.The study also points out that learning as a kind of cultural practice is an intermediary between people and culture.Cultural philosophy emphasizes the temporal and spatial attributes of culture,and different learning cultural traditions have emerged in different periods and regions.The differences in cultural traditions will inevitably affect people and their learning.Using the cultural shock strategy and cultural factor analysis strategy we investigate the modes of traditional study of Chinese and western culture in diachronic way.We also compare students learning reality between Chinese and western in synchronic way.It puts forward the model of study of Chinese and western culture has the stable core.Chinese learning has shows the virtue orientation and western learning has the pattern of the brain characterized by mental orientation,which is the basis of study of Chinese and western cultural patterns to maintain and perpetuate.Based on this,the study advocates to enhance the self-traditionally-based learning culture awareness,establish the self-confidence of learning culture,and realize the development of diversity in the differentiated cultural world.