| General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out:Adhere to innovation,coordination,green,open,shared development philosophy as the lead,people's urbanization as the core......Pay more attention to enhancing people's sense of gain and happiness......To promote the sustained and healthy development of new urbanization with Chinese characteristics".Premier Li Keqiang put forward:"coordinating and promoting urbanization is a major strategic choice to realize modernization"."Coordination" has become one of the development ideas of promoting urbanization,including the coordinated development of population,resources and environment,coordination of urban and rural areas and regional development,coordination of urbanization and industrial development,etc.From the fundamental point of view,considering the development of urbanization in different periods and different regions,there are significant differences in terms of scale and speed,space layout and industrial foundation.The root lies in the relationship between government and market and its dynamic evolution.The relationship between the government and the market determines the different patterns of urbanization.Therefore,in the final analysis,the foundation of coordinately promoting a new type urbanization is to achieve the coordination of urbanization governance model In the practice of urbanization,because of the bad public governance logic,the man-made city movement and the social conflicts caused by it become the biggest risk of urbanization in china.The disharmony between the urbanization and the transformation of the local government governance mode has caused the dilemma of "semi public" and "semi urbanization","being urbanized" and "pushed upstairs",also intensified social contradictions and risks.To coordinate and promote new urbanization needs new urbanization governance model.Based on the classical theory and framework of public administration,political science and sociology,this paper constructs a composite analysis framework of " institution—network".With the main research methods of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis,normative and empirical analysis,it shows deconstruction and reconstruction of the governance model of urbanization,and then put forward the framework of coordination and promotion of new urbanization.The full text is divided into three parts,including introduction,five chapters and final discussion.The first part of this paper is introduction.This part firstly describes the problem consciousness and important issues of this study.To coordinate and promote the new urbanization and urban governance mode transition contains multiple logical problems.The viewpoint about governance mode transition theory and practice has a logical paradox.The analysis path of "market structure" and "social construction" is faced with coordination difficulties.Secondly,the introduction of the "problem consciousness" constitutes an important logical starting point to respond to the "problem consciousness",four important theoretical concepts and framework exploration.The second part of this paper is composed of five chapters.Its substance is to use the composite analysis framework of "institution-network" to deconstruct the logic of urbanization governance mode change since the reform and opening up;analyze current governance model of urbanization and the background of its transformation to see if the governance action logic during the new urbanization process(mainly about the institution and network shaping the governance of main network structure)adheres to the people-oriented,respond to the needs of farmers,coordination of social fairness and justice;under the trend of network governance,analyze the influence of new characteristics of governance network structure on governance performance during the new urbanization process,and the relationship between governance performance(policy output)and institutional structure;put forward the agenda of urbanization governance model transformation to build an agenda framework for coordinating and promoting new urbanization.The first chapter:Based on the several theoretical concepts and framework responding to the"problem consciousness",this paper tries to construct the composite analysis framework of"institution—network".This construction is not without foundation.It mainly follows three aspects:from the "problem consciousness" to "its four related theoretical concepts and framework,applicability and complexity of theoretical concepts",then to the "control and simplicity of four theoretical concepts and framework",the "theory complementary of institution and network".The composite analysis framework of "institution—network" has strong explanatory power,which can be used to deconstruct and reconstruct the governance pattern of urbanization.The second chapter:Based on the composite analysis framework of "institution—network",through the existing literature and historical analysis,the paper analyzes the logic of urbanization governance mode change since the reform and opening up.Research shows that since the reform and opening up,governance mode of urbanization is a kind of "network integrated governance" which is a combination of central and local,state and society,structure and action with preference on growth and limitation of coordination.The economic decentralization incentive(localization and administrativization of property rights)generated by emphasizing on the adjustment of relationship between the central and local government,and the political centralization and compatible coupling are the foundation of the "network integrated governance".With this obvious economic and political utilitarianism governance model to promote urbanization,it is difficult to realize the people-oriented and the coordination of fairness and justice.The third chapter:Analyze whether the structure of the main body of governance in the process of the new urbanization can fully respond to the needs of farmers.Firstly there's a survey of farmers' social demand during the new urbanization process with quantitative analysis of the data.It found that farmers'social needs have structural characteristics(including four kinds of social demand,demand for public services>demand for economic income>demand for land rights>demand for governance participation),and also did a quantitative analysis of the cognition of migrant workers to public services and access rights(sense of satisfaction).Secondly,the empirical analysis of governance effectiveness on the respond to the social needs of farmers and migrant workers contains 3 points as follows.1)By using empirical data to overall analyze during the forced type urbanization and semi urbanization mode,whether governance can respond to the social needs of farmers and migrant workers;2)By using the business network generated by the main body of county governance in the new urbanization construction to analysis what the local government focused on and whether the government functions changed correspondingly;3)By doing quantitative analysis of the network structure of "matters—subject" generated from fifty coordination groups formed by the county government to determine the network structure and key work of local government functional departments.The study found that,due to institutional advantages and resources control,the structure of governance network during urbanization process has "administrative" features,while the "administrative network" of administrative departments has "departments" characteristic,namely the governance network of the urbanization construction is mainly led by a few administrative departments(such as Finance Bureau,Development and Reform Commission,Housing Construction Bureau,Land Bureau and Economic and Information Bureau);local government still focus on economic construction and land management.But the main departments responsible for the public services in a marginalized position,lack of coordination group responsible for land system reform and institutionalized negotiation system,all mean farmers and migrant workers' social needs such as public services,land rights,governance participation are often overlooked.Under the current governance mode of urbanization,the network structure of the main body during the urbanization construction is lack of responsiveness regarding the farmers' social needs,and even undermine the social capital,resulting in a devastating impact on the governance network.The fourth chapter:Taking Ycity as the research object which undertakes both a new urbanization pilot and land reform pilot at the same time,to do the empirical analysis of how the network governance(both top-down integration features and new characteristics of network governance's openness and inclusiveness etc.)during the new urbanization progress influencing the urbanization governance performance(governance effect),including quantitative evaluation on interviewees(individual network analysis)and a case study on the reform of homestead system(the whole network analysis).First of all,based on the presuppose that governance network or policy network will definitely form in the new urbanization construction pilot and land system reform pilot,there's a quantitative analysis of the impact of the network on the governance performance of urbanization.Secondly,since there's complex relationship between the institution and the network and their influence on the new urbanization governance is difficult to be demonstrated by quantitative analysis,this part uses a case study of the land system reform to do empirical analysis,including the use of network structure quantification and depth interviews and other empirical methods to analyze the homestead system reform in city Y The study found that,on the one hand,from the subjective perspective of the interviewee,the initiation and expansion of the policy network or governance network indeed will enhance the governance performance of new urbanization and the farmers' policy recognition of reform.It facilitates the smooth implementation of reform policies,even if to a large extent,the implementation of this policy is still a government led,top-down reform policy and policy implementation model.However,on the other hand,from the objective point of view,the performance of policy reform may be limited,resulted from the structure of the institution which makes it difficult for the current reform policy to achieve a qualitative transcendence.The response to farmers' social needs,the expansion of rights and interests and the protection of civil rights is still limited.The fifth chapter:Based on the above research to explore the path of urbanization governance mode transformation.It is concluded that the transformation of the urbanization governance mode must be embedded in the situation of "state governance" modernization,the Chinese political development.Research on the transformation of urbanization governance mode,in fact,is also studying the modernization of "state governance"."State governance" should be independent,effective and responsive,and the transformation of the urbanization governance mode has these three characteristics.The key of understanding "state governance" modernization is to pay attention to the understanding of"institutional development" and "local governance",that is,"institution" and "network".In general,although urbanization governance mode is local,but often similar in the system structure,a little different in the 'local governance network".Therefore,the transformation of urbanization governance mode should start from the similar part.Thus as the main executor to coordinately promote new urbanization,the local government must promote the transformation of governance model.And the fundamental path of transformation is outside the local government but in the market,in the society and in the "state".In the analysis of coordinately promoting the new urbanization,we should focus on"bringinging the state back in",rather than regarding the "state retreat" as the logical starting point of the problem analysis.The central agenda of the transformation of the urbanization governance mode is to "allocate the state" under the guidance of the modern state construction.The third part of this paper is the final discussion,which consists of three parts:main conclusions,shortcomings and future prospects.1.Innovation of research topic.Most of the theoretical researches about the issue of urbanizatim is concerned with the development of urbanization,development strategy,the development of the road issues,these issues are different from the governance model of urbanization.A small part of studies involving urbanization governance issues,most taken "urbanization","new urbanization" as a kind of economic and social development background or process.So far,the study of urbanization in China is lack of a profound analysis of the mode of governance.Based on the perspective of public management science,this paper uses a new analytical framework to deconstruct and reconstruct the urbanization governance model,and puts forward the path of the transformation of the urbanization governance model.2.Analysis framework innovation.This paper attempts to put forward a composite analysis framework of "institution-network".This composite analysis framework mainly go through three aspects:from the "problem consciousness" to "its four related theoretical concepts and framework,the applicability and complexity of the concept and its framework in China",and then to the "control and simplicity of the four concepts and framework",the "complementarity of the 'institution' and 'network'theory".The composite analysis framework of "institution—network" is not only simple,but also has the ability to understand and interpret,and can well interpret the pattern of urbanization3.Innovation of research methods.This article advocates the combination of qualitative and quantitative,normative and empirical research,including literature analysis,historical analysis,group discussions,depth interviews,text quantification,factor analysis,regression analysis,networkanalysis and cluster analysis.In particular,different from the general statistical analysis of the individual network(focus on individual actors,individual attributes),the paper introduces the "whole network" analytical method(focus on the "relationship" between actors and its attributes),and try to use the computer to do quantitative analysis of the governance network structure.This is different from the current research of"governance"(network),and more is about to use the qualitative analysis of the structure of governance network or policy network,or to directly normatively apply the policy network classification model proposed by western scholars.4.Innovation in academic perspectives.This paper argues that the shape of urbanization governance mode is formed by the interaction of multiple relations.It is difficult to systematically deconstruct and reconstruct urbanization governance mode if solely relies on the perspective of a single theory.Based on the composite analysis framework of "institution-network" regarding the urbanization governance mode,it believes that since the reform and opening up,the essence of urbanization governance mode change is the transformation of the institutional arrangements of the central local relations and the social relations of the state and the transformation of the institutional structure.Governance mode of urbanization is a kind of "network integrated governance" which is a combination of structure and action,central and local,state and society,with preference on growth and limitation of coordination.The economic decentralization incentive(localization and administrativization of property rights)generated by emphasizing on the adjustment of relationship between the central and local goveanment,and the political centralization and compatible coupling are the foundation of the "network integrated governance".With this obvious economic and political utilitarianism governance model to promote urbanization,it is difficult to realize the people-oriented and the coordination of fairness and justice.5.Innovation of policy recommendations.This paper puts forward the urbanization governance mode transition must be embedded on the basis of Marx's position of "state governance" and in the modern political development situation.The fundamental way is to "allocate the state" in the perspective of the modern state construction.Firstly,from the perspective of the state as a structural motivation,it is necessary to "optimize the allocation of the system structure" w ith the guidance of the"localization agent",promote balanced structural decentralization from vertical and horizontal latitudes,so as to derive a highly coordinated governance mode of urbanization.Secondly,from the point of view of the state as the main body of action,it is necessary to "optimize the allocation of state functions" on the principle of "equality" and "unity",and make the responsibility explicit for the state in the citizenization of migrant workers to guarantee the people-oriented,fairness and justice during the development of urbanization.Under the premise of the structural adjustment of "allocation of state","network integrated governance" should be promoted to a transition of more open and inclusive"network collaborative governance" to enhance the coordination of urban governance,namely more effectively responding to the farmers' social needs,coordination of social fairness and justice. |
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