Struction Of Boundaries Of Danwei Organization And Transition Of Danwei Community

Most scholars hold the idea that the development of industrialization would disrupt Tonnies’s conception of ’community’(gongtongti),which means community(clique),as the basic element of social relation,would be replaced by individual.While this was not what happened in China,the fundamental reason is the establishment of danwei(work unit),a unique type of organization in China.In the early days of the founding of People’s Republic of China,Chinese Communist Party(CCP)and the People’s Government took several steps and took out series of policies in order to reconstruct the national economy destroyed by wars and maintain social stability.In the meantime,developing of heavy industry was urgently needed for constructing the new state.Under such a background,the CCP carried forward the traditions in the revolutionary base area and raised danwei system as the way of reorganizing Chinese society.Danwei as a unique type of organization,it was more than economic entities which promote the development of the state,but also branch of government power and the fundamental unit for reorganizing Chinese society.In this point of view,danwei could be treated as a community that had multifaceted institutional functions and cultural connections,which not only provided permanent,also supplied hosing,clinics,schools and other basic amenities for the employees and their families.And just because of the establishment of danwei system,traditional Chinese society avoided from collapse or being to individualization,danwei members were taken into close relationship sharing an internal identity.The danwei community(danwei gongtongti)thus built.Research on danwei study mainly focus on two dimensions,dawei’s form of organization and danwei’s institutional function.The first dimension studies the origin and transition of danwei system,while the later one concerns about the relations of danwei organization,the state,society and traditional family.But rare of these perspectives took Chinese traditional ideas of social governance into consideration.In the meantime,one of the most traumatic aspects of transformation of danwei—but one that has been little studied—has been the shedding of subordinate collective enterprises(SCE)established by state-owned enterprises(SOE).Especially,there is a lack of study on how SCEs reshaped the danwei system and how SCEs affected the transitions of danwei.In fact,both the traditional Chinese thoughts of social construction and the CCP’s principles are aiming at building Home-State(jiaguo tonggou)country(socialism and communism).Thus it is necessary to take these ideas into thinking when study the establishment and transitions of danwei system.In the meantime,the SCEs which are collective enterprises but attached to SOEs,though they just exist for around 30 years,but deeply affected danwei system.The SOEs set up boundary which divided urban China into 2 parts(danwei and outside danwei),while the raising of SCEs set up another boundary inside danwei and divided danwei into 2 parts(state-owned parts and collective parts).The establishment of SCEs thus can be seen as a trial that the state tried to extend the boundary of dawnei system step by step to let more people be included in the resourcing.There is a lack of study of SCE,but the transition of SOE and the disintegration of danwei community are relevant to it,thus it is a key pinot of danwei study.According to the above reasons,this dissertation bases on 2 cases:Factory Y and Factory T in northeast China,both of them are SOEs in large-scale and can be seen as a kind of typical model of danwei.By focusing on the outside and inside boundaries of danwei,then moves to the transition and transformation of danwei,this dissertation would discuss the raise and decline of danwei community.