Study On The Income Distribution Effect Of Financial Anti-poverty

The history of human social development is a history to eliminate poverty,and pursue common prosperity,fairness and justice.Anti poverty is a common task since the beginning of human society.Lack or shortage is the manifestation of poverty and the basic characteristics of poverty.From the point of view of poverty alleviation,poverty reduction in income is the first manifestation of poverty reduction for the vulnerable poor.To a certain extent,income poverty is a comprehensive reflection on the poverty of capacity and rights.Financial anti-poverty is the general name of all the poverty alleviation actions that use financial funds to carry out the poverty alleviation.As the foundation and important pillar of state governance,fiscal intervention in poverty alleviation is not only a requirement of fulfilling the function of public income,but also a requirement of increasing in social welfare and realizing social fairness.Further more,it can achieve sustainable development.With the current situation of precision poverty alleviation,this thesis studies on the income distribution effect of fiscal anti-poverty following the basic train of thought of"theoretical construction—empirical analysis—countermeasure exploration".First of all,it presents the theory of the connotation of financial poverty alleviation.Then,this paper systematically analyzes the situation of financial distribution in rural poverty areas and mainly investigates the financial poverty alleviation based on the history of poverty relief policy.Further more,taking 54 poverty counties in Guangxi for example,it carries out an empirical study on income distribution effect of financial anti-poverty,quantitative evaluation on the effectiveness of aid-to-poor in adjusting the income distribution gap and thorough analysis on its influencing factors.Finally,with the substantial analytical conclusion,we put forward some relevant policy recommendations to further improve the effects on fiscal poverty alleviation.The main research results are as follows:First,it covers the theory on readjustment of income distribution of financial aid-to-poor.Financial poverty relief has the function of readjustment of income distribution.From the point of path,on the one hand,the fiscal expenditure by direct transfer payment system for helping the poor improves the poor income,or by changing the internal conditions and external environment of the poor reduces poverty in consumer spending,in order to achieve poverty reduction.On the other hand,poverty reduction can be conducted by the fiscal expenditure on intermediary.The effect of fiscal poverty alleviation is brought by the government in the process of poverty alleviation through the use of fiscal and fiscal policies.In essence,the fiscal special transfer payment is the redistributions in the national income.This distributive effect is bidirectional.Besides the traditional regulation of income growth and income gap,it should also include the dimension of poverty reduction effect,which is determined by the poverty line requirement in anti poverty practice.Secondly,this paper presents the status of the practice of financial poverty alleviation and the income distribution of rural residents in China's poor areas.At present,the poverty gap is still large in China.The relative concentration and absolute dispersion of the impoverished population coexist.The poverty difference between regions is obvious.It is very difficult to synchronize poverty alleviation.At present,the transfer income of the rural residents in the impoverished areas is growing fastest and the proportion of the structure is increasing.Although the proportion of the operating income is decreasing,it is still the most important source of income for the rural residents in the poor areas.The income of rural residents in poverty-stricken areas continues to grow,but the gap with the whole country is still obvious,and the problem of income inequality is still more serious.It is particularly important to give full play to the function of the income distribution of the financial poverty alleviation,and to effectively play the positive effect of the financial poverty alleviation and adjustment of the income distribution.Thirdly,it studies on the allocation effect of financial poverty alleviation.As a western national area,Guangxi has a wide and deep range of poverty.It is of great significance to get rid of poverty.Therefore,taking 54 poor counties in Guangxi as an example,this paper makes an empirical analysis on the income distribution effect of financial poverty alleviation.I.The overall effect of the income distribution of the financial poverty alleviation funds is analyzed.Empirical research shows that the financial poverty alleviation funds have a significant positive impact on the increase of the income of the poor without other changes.With every 1%investment into poverty alleviation,the per capita income of rural residents in poor areas will increase by 0.16%.The scale of the financial aid to the poor has a significant impact on poverty reduction,and the incidence of poverty can be reduced by 0.08 percentage points every 1%increase in financial capital.However,the financial funds of the income gap between urban and rural poor areas to expand the role is,which means that the implementation of the current fiscal poverty alleviation project,the growth effect of the income of rural residents than urban residents.There is a certain deviation from the target of financial poverty alleviation.II.The income distribution effect on the sources of financial aid to the poor is studied.Empirical research suggests that it,central funds or local funds,is all good for the rural poor to increase their income,which is up to the expectation.The central poverty alleviation fund expenditure increased by 1%and the income of rural residents in poor areas increased by 0.04%.The poverty alleviation funds expenditure in the autonomous region increased by 1%3 and the income of rural residents in poor areas increased by 0.08%.Both the central government's poverty alleviation fund and the local fiscal poverty alleviation fund can significantly reduce the incidence of poverty,and it is significant at the 1%level.The poverty alleviation funds in the autonomous region is beneficial to the narrowing of the income gap between the urban and rural residents in the poor areas.However,the role of the central poverty alleviation funds on the income distribution gap between urban and rural residents is not significant.III.The income distribution effect on the structure of financial aid for poor funds is analyzed.Empirical research presents the poverty alleviation funds,ethnic minorities funds and others special funds can dramatically increase the incomes for the rural poor,while the work relief funds and relocation funds can not obviously.In the case of other conditions,the fund for poverty alleviation and development is increased by 1%,and the income of rural residents is increased by 0.14%.The fund of ethnic minorities is increased by 1%,and the income of rural residents increased by 0.05%.the impact of income of rural residents in poor areas of growth from work relief fund and relocation funds is not significant.Other special fund is increased by 1%,and the income of rural residents is increased by 0.01%.The increase of poverty alleviation and development funds by 1%can reduce the incidence of poverty by 0.09 percentage points.Each increase of 1%of the development funds for ethnic minorities can reduce the incidence of poverty by 0.03 percentage points.The work relief fund is not conducive to poverty reduction,and the relocation fund has the effect of reducing poverty,but they are not significant.The increase of other special funds by 1%can reduce the incidence of poverty by 0.01 percentage points.The development of poverty alleviation funds,the development funds of ethnic minorities and the increase of relocation funds can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents in poor areas,but the effect is not very obvious.However,the role of work relief funds and other special funds in reducing the income gap between urban and rural residents is not significant.In a comprehensive view,the income distribution effect of the development funds of ethnic minorities and the funds for poverty alleviation and development is more effective than other aid funds,and it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments to the investment of the financial aid to the poor.Fourthly,it shows the efficiency and the influencing factors of adjustment of income distribution for fiscal poverty alleviation.The DEA analysis,taking 54 poor counties in Guangxi,indicates that from 2013 to 2015,the efficiency of Guangxi's fiscal poverty alleviation and regulation has been keeping at a relatively high level,and has maintained a continuous growth.But,there are great differences in the efficiency of the income distribution among the poor counties,and the efficiency level among the regions is imbalanced.In 2014 and 2015,pure technical efficiency has been converted with scale efficiency.In the poverty-stricken counties with DEA invalid each year,the number of poverty-stricken counties located in the region of progressive increasing returns to scale is much less than that in the region of progressive decreasing returns to scale.This reflects the contradiction between insufficient scale and redundant scale.The efficiency gap between prefecture level cities is obvious and show a dynamic change.This reflects that the adjustment role of fiscal poverty alleviation to income distribution in various poverty-stricken counties is not stable and synergy is not enough.From the points of prefecture-level city,there is a great gap between pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency among regions and the change is dynamic,which reflects that financial poverty alleviation did not exhibit a stable effect and there was some deficiencies in cooperationBased on the Tobit model with random effects,the regression result presents that there are some related elements with positive income distribution efficiency in the financial poverty:the investment scale of pure fixed assets in poor areas,road miles,and regional economic development.Through further robustness test we find that impact of regulation efficiency from enterprise performance of the primary industry and above is negatively correlated;and the coverage rate of basic living allowances restricts the adjustment efficiency through the negative influence path of pure technical efficiency;while no significant effect on the efficiency of adjusting crop planting area.Finally,the thesis puts forwards some suggestions to improve income distribution effects in fiscal anti-poverty.Based on the above research,besides keeping a positive effect,we should increase the accuracy of industry poverty alleviation,truly guarantee and increase the benefit levels for the poor and at the same time,strengthen the recognition and dynamic supervising of the low treatment.Therefore,some suggestions should be raised.Firstly,a scientific idea of the longevity in financial poverty alleviation should be established.Then,allocation of financial funds,fund use and supervision mechanism should be optimized.Meanwhile,taki the necessary supporting measures,the fiscal poverty alleviation and adjusting income distribution performance should be constantly improved.