The Effect Of Employment Discrimination On Counterproductive Work Behavior

According to the latest survey data of peasant workers published by the State Bureau of Statistics in 2018,there are 286.5 million peasant workers in China,and peasant workers have become an important part of industrial workers in China.However,peasant workers in cities have not received the expected economic benefits and social security,and the rights and interests which should be owned by peasant workers are often damaged.The unequal treatment suffered by peasant workers is related to the serious imbalance development between urban and rural in modern China and the discrimination against peasant workers caused by the former dual household registration system,such as employment discrimination,institutional discrimination and social discrimination.Among them,unfair discrimination in job security and wage treatment belong to employment discrimination.Employment discrimination is the most typical discrimination which affects the stability of work and life of peasant workers in cities and towns and hinders the development of rural urbanization in China.Employment discrimination means that job seekers with similar or equal conditions can not enjoy equal employment opportunities because of some factors unrelated to the inherent needs of the profession,as well as unfair treatment in the process of job hunting,such as job promotion,salary and job security,which infringes upon their citizens' equal rights.The phenomenon of employment discrimination against peasant workers is a common phenomenon in Chinese enterprises.According to the stress source-emotion model and the principle of "tit for tat",where there is oppression,there is resistance.Therefore,the more serious employment discrimination is perceived by peasant workers,the more serious their negative emotions and counterproductive work behavior will be produced.Previous scholars have studied the definition,characteristics,causes and harms of employment discrimination,and found that employment discrimination can lead to counterproductive work behavior.(1)There are still some deficiencies in the research on the mechanism of the impact of employment discrimination of peasant workers on counterproductive work behavior,for example,whether instrumental motivation is the intermediary factor of employment discrimination of peasant workers causing counterproductive work behavior.(2)There are also shortcomings in the discussion of the conditional factors affecting the counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers,such as whether leadership sacrifice can influence the formation of counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers and individual attribution style is involved in the adjustment peasant workers' employment discrimination.And so on,all need empirical research to further elaborate.In the present paper,the study focuses on the effect mechanism of employment discrimination on peasant workers' counterproductive work behavior.It incorporates instrumental motivation and negative emotions into the research model of employment discrimination on counterproductive work behavior.It also discusses the regulatory role from the perspective of individual attribution and control variables.Based on 1431 valid questionnaires collected from field investigation,SPSS20.0 statistical software was used to analyze data through multiple regressions.On the basis of controlling variables such as sex and age,the hypothesis was concluded as followed.There are four conclusions:(1)On the establishment of research model of employment discrimination affecting counterproductive work behavior,the positive impact of employment discrimination on counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers was confirmed.Furthermore,the paper revealed that the instrumental motivation and negative emotions mediated the effects of peasant workers' employment discrimination on counterproductive work behavior.The stronger the instrumental motivation and negative emotions are,the more obvious the counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers is.(2)Individual attributional style had a moderating role between employment discrimination with negative emotions and instrumental motivation,that was,when individual attributional style tends to external attribution,instrumental motivation would be more obvious,negative emotions would be more intense,too;while individual attributional style tends to internal attribution,tts influence was weakened.(3)Self-sacrificial leadership behavior played a moderating role between negative emotions and instrumental motivation with counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers.The higher the self-sacrificial leadership behavior was,the weaker the influence of instrumental motivation and negative emotion on the counterproductive work behavior was.The theoretical contributions of this study are as follows:(1)This paper revealed two pathways of peasant workers' employment discrimination action on counterproductive work behavior,namely,peasant workers' employment discrimination-instrumental motivation-counterproductive work behavior pathway and peasant workers' employment discrimination-negative emotion-counterproductive work behavior pathway.In this study,we explored the mediating effect of instrumental motivation and negative emotion between employment discrimination and counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers.Negative emotion revealed the psychological internal causes of counterproductive work behavior caused by peasant workers' employment discrimination from the perspective of individual psychological situation;while instrumental motivation elaborated the motivation of anti-discrimination caused by employment discrimination on the point of individual behavior of pursuing long interests.(2)It identified the conditional factors that employment discrimination affects counterproductive work behavior through negative emotion and instrumental motivation,that were,individual attributive style mediates between employment discrimination and negative emotion,employment discrimination and instrumental motivation,and self-sacrificial leadership behavior acted between negative emotions and counterproductive work behavior,instrumental motivation and counterproductive work behavior.Individual attributional style tends to be externally attributable,and negative emotion and instrumental motivation have more obvious effects on counterproductive work behavior.Self-sacrificial leadership behavior is to inspire and encourage employees to pursue the goal and mission of organizational interests by sacrificing the personal interests of leaders.Self-sacrificial leadership behavior can significantly reduce the negative emotions and instrumental motivation on the impact of counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers.The enlightenment of organizational management of this study is mainly reflected in:(1)Enterprises should pay more attention to the role of leadership in promoting harmonious labor environment,reducing counterproductive work behavior of peasant workers,and encouraging self-sacrificial leadership behavior.(2)Enterprises should pay close attention to the emotional health of peasant workers,conduct emotional counseling for peasant workers by all means to,and improve the self-emotional management efficiency of peasant workers.Increase the sense of peasant workers belonging to the "family model" of enterprises,reduce the negative impact of individual negative emotions,and promote the harmonious development of enterprises.(3)The sense of organizational support and self-esteem of peasant workers should be enhanced by improving the working environment and security system of peasant workers,caring for their material interests and humanities as well,so that the negative effects caused by instrumental motivation can be reduced to prevent the harm of counterproductive work behavior to their organizational interests.So the stable and harmonious development and prosperity enterprises and society can be promoted.