Research On High-tech Industry Agglomeration In Northeast China

As a strategic leading industry in the national economy,high-tech industry being an increasing importance in industrial system and an essential part for innovation and development.Technological innovation,product development and the construction of new technology system in high-tech industry will guide China's economy to change from “investment-driven”to “innovation-driven”,which will play an important role in promoting the overall strength and competitiveness of China's industrial economy.In addition,with the characteristics of high added value,high technology content and high income,the high-tech industry represents the direction of future industrial revolution and industrial development,especially,it has a positive role in promoting the upgrading and transformation of traditional industries.However,with the rapid development of economy and technology,Northeast China is facing multiple pressures,such as environment,resources,technology.Moreover,the traditional industries in the region have gradually lost their advantages and have fallen into the predicament of economic development.Therefore,under the background of “mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation”,both at home and abroad are competing to develop high-tech and high-tech industries today,so Northeast China should conform to the trend of the times,change the mode of economic development and vigorously develop high-tech industries,which is the best strategic choice to get rid of its predicament and achieve stable and healthy economic development.“High-tech industry” is enterprises aggregation driven by new technology to research,develop,promote,produce and apply high-tech and technological services,which is general term for knowledge-intensive and technology-intensive industries and their products.The research on high-tech industry started in the mid and late 1990 s with various research perspectives,contents and methods so far.Generally speaking,the existing research can be summed up in three aspects.Firstly,the relevant theoretical research on high-tech industry mainly includes the discussion of the basic conditions,influencing factors and economic impact of high-tech industry development;secondly,the case study on the development status of high-tech industry,including a case study of a specific country or region,studying its development status,agglomeration status and related factors of high-tech industry;thirdly,research on ways and strategies to promote the development of high-tech industry.All these researches have discussed the development of China's high-tech industry in general,but there is still a lack of research on the development process,agglomeration status and mechanism of high-tech industry from the perspective of regional space.Therefore,taking Northeast China as an example,this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the development process and agglomeration of high-tech industries in Northeast China.The study found that the high-tech industry in Northeast China has experienced more than 20 years of development,to come from nothing,to change from small to large,and has now formed a certain scale.From the perspective of its developing process,the Northeast high-tech industry has gone through the stages of germination and reserve(from the founding of the People's Republic to 1987),initial stage(1988-1999),and growth stage(2000-2007),and has now entered transitional development stage(from 2008 to now).Each stage has various developing characteristics.Generally speaking,the development of high-tech industry in Northeast China is characterized by fluctuation of development trend,significant regional disparity,unbalanced regional development level and low level of industrial agglomeration development.As we all know,there are many factors influencing the agglomeration and development of high-tech industries,mainly in six aspects: starting from the elements needed for internal innovation,the formation and development of industrial organizations,the promotion and restriction of institutional environment,the generation of technology spillover effect,the changes of international and domestic economic environment and the evolution of social and cultural environment,etc.These factors also include several factors,which play a certain role in the agglomeration of high-tech industries.Through the quantitative analysis of the influencing factors of high-tech industry agglomeration in Northeast China,it can be concluded that the R&D investment,capital accumulation,enterprise scale,ownership structure,purchasing domestic technology,domestic economic environment andregional economic environment of high-tech industry have a positive effect on the agglomeration of it in Northeast China.On the other hand,human capital,innovation ability,market structure,financial support,openness,technology introduction,FDI effect,population size and venture capital preference have negative restrictive effects on it.In addition,the measurement results show that the coefficient of agglomeration variable of high-tech industry in Northeast China is negative,and the coefficient of competition activity is also negative,which means that although the high-tech industry in Northeast China has shown a trend of agglomeration,it has not played a very good role in promoting local economic growth.The reasons why the development and agglomeration effect of high-tech industry in Northeast China is not significant are as follows: the development scale of high-tech industry in this area is small,the division of labor and cooperation system between industries is incomplete,the development motive force of high-tech industry is insufficient,the professional development of incubators is insufficient,the ability of R&D and innovation is weak,the development level is not high,and the influence is low and lack of strength,etc.The objective existence of these problems is caused by both external and internal reasons.External reasons include: low level of regional economic development,small scale of economy,complex international environment and increasingly diversified security threats,the impact of the new industrial revolution;the “four-phase superposition” period of China's economic development;internal reasons include: “Institutional solidification” evaluated from “industrial vacancy”,imperfect mechanism of regional coordinated development,low level of division of labor and cooperation among regions,loss of scientific and technological innovators and shortage of talents,lack of innovative spirit and consciousness,etcIn view of the above problems in the development of high-tech industrial agglomeration in Northeast China,some measures should be taken to promote the stable and rapid economic development of the old industrial base in Northeast China.Firstly,we should make a precise and scientific judgment on the development situation of domestic and foreign industrial economy;secondly,we should work out a new way to promote the agglomeration development of high-tech industries in Northeast China through consultation;thirdly,we should actively strive for the preferential policies and industrial policies of the state for regional development;lastly,we should not only improve the functions of local governments but also innovate and improve the mechanism of regional coordinated development;We should not only strengthen the innovative ability of micro-subjects of scientific and technological innovation but also develop the supporting industries of it vigorously.In a word,even though the development scale of high-tech industry in Northeast China is relatively small,being in the stage of transformation and development,having not yet entered the stage of mature and rapid development,it has relatively broad developing potential and prospects.For this reason,Northeast China will make concerted efforts to do practical and potential high-tech industry projects,to improve the functions and leading role of local governments,to strengthen the guidance and support of small and medium-sized high-tech industries,to establish a complete mechanism for attracting and motivating talents,and to accelerate the development of related supporting industries.Only in this way can the high-tech industry in Northeast China achieve the ultimate goal of entire development of the whole region and adapt to the implementation and promotion of a series of national development strategies such as industrial technology upgrading,innovation driven development,the structural reform of supply-side and “one belt and one road” construction.